Chaos TL: A world without Genghis Khan's conquests (finished!)

[Max Sinister]

World 1725-50

1725-75: Time of crisis in China: Their former tributaries broke away, the country stagnates - as is criticized, despite of the lack of real enemies.

1725: Portuguese uprising, which takes Spain until 1728 to defeat it completely.

1725-32: Egypt rises against Seljuk rule. Finally, sultan Kilij Arslan VI gives in and allows Egypt to transform into an allied, tribute-paying but otherwise independent sultanate.

1726: Germans and Italians agree to make the Ohio river border between their possessions in Atlantis.
Start of Olof Tiselius' first serve as First Minister of Sweden. After the Netherlands (which already have a constitutional government), during his time Sweden-Norway-Mecklenburg also sees a shift of power: Away from the king, to Riksdag (parliament) and First Minister.

1726-29: Border war between Novorossiya and muslim Choresm.

1727-30: Irish and Scottish uprisings defeated by Britain.

1728: Spain claims a good part of the Rocky Mountains (up to OTL Utah) for them, to stop the Russians from expanding even further.
France takes Sri Lanka.

1729: Dutch War of Succession (first war in Europe since the end of the Great War, or anti-French War) resolved. France takes Hainaut and parts of Flanders (again...), Luxembourg gets Namur.

1730-37: Uprisings in Mexico under a leader who claims to be the rightful heir of the old native rulers and calls himself Cuáutemoc II.

1731: The first commercial telegraph line is made between Yenisseisk and nearby (20 verst, about as many km) Pavlovskoye. Despite the difficult climate of Novorossiya, the new invention spreads through the country and transforms it.
France founds the Indochinese League with Bengal, Pegu, Thailand, Khmer, Champa and Melaka.

1732-34: Despite of the king's policy of religious tolerance, there's an uprising in Hungarian-occupied Serbia and Bosnia. News of these accidents reach Russia, whose sympathies are at the rebels' side.

1734-41: Spice Islands War. Britain fights Majapahit and some of the small kingdoms in Indonesia. Finally they win, but this makes them unable to interfere in the continental affairs.

~1735-50: Many new newspapers founded in Novorossiya.

1735: Ludwig XVIII, last Wittelsbach duke of the Rhine Palatinate, dies without heir. It's not completely clear whether France or Bavaria'll get it. New emperor Heinrich IX of Brandenburg lets the French unmisunderstandably know that he won't tolerate them taking it.

1736-42: Palatinate War of Succession. Although the German and Swedish-Dutch armies can't defeat the French armies, when Spain and Britain threaten France, peace is made. The Palatinate goes neither to France nor Bavaria, but to a grandson of the Bourbon king of Hungary. In case he and his brother will die without heir, the Palatinate will fall to Bavaria.

1738: Swedes take Sri Lanka, after defeating a stronger French fleet surprisingly.

1739: Uprising of the Albanians against Seljuk rule begins.
Johann Friedrich, grandson of Fredrick of Atlantis, comes to power in Franconia-Pomerania. Under his reign, lots of money is wasted for building palaces and cathedrals. He even tries to sell Farther Pomerania to Sweden or Prussia, which only doesn't happen because noone wants to buy it.

1740: Spain starts to build a stronger fleet in the Pacific, planning to take a part in East Asia too.

1740-44: Open war between the alliance of Novorossiya and Korea against Nippon. Novorossiya occupies the small islands in the Nipponese Sea, Korea takes Kyushu.

1741-46: Second Italian-Russian Seljuk War. The Seljuks lose again. Albania becomes an Italian protectorate, Georgia (excluding Armenia) becomes associated with South Russia, and the Cyrenaica becomes Italian too.
After this defeat, the conservative military finally gives up the resistance against its modernization.

1743: French king Philippe VI dies without heir, so his unpopular uncle Charles X becomes king.

1746-50: French-Atlantean war (also called War of the Great Lakes). Denmark-Braunschweig and Britain fight the native Atlanteans and the French immigrants in Quebec (OTL Ontario)

1746-48: Charles X starts the completely unnecessary war against Prussia, for which France has to make a costly expedition to the Baltic and strain its relation to Denmark-Braunschweig, only because the king feels has he to defend the pope against what he perceives as a Prussian heresy. The war gives the rationalist (comparable to OTL enlightenment) movement a boost.

1747: Uprisings against the Czar of Vladimir-Suzdal start after he tries to increase his power.

1748: Uprisings in Austria (religiously motivated) against the government of the unpopular dukes Eberhard XI and XII.

1749: Charles X dies too without heir. France calls the General Estates (300 men for every estate) to decide who'll become next king, since the successor situation is a bit unclear.
Madagascar War between Sweden and Persia. Persia takes the island.

~1750: Settlements of the Germans and Italians have reached the Mississippi river.

Stories:
[post=755184]City history of Wildenhartburg[/post]
[post=824622]The rise of Fort Knox[/post]
[post=828332]The New Seljuks[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

Thanks Stalker!

First a little retcon:
1607: The Sixtine calendar (technically equivalent to OTL Gregorian Calendar) is introduced in Western Europe. Only the Gottesfreistaat Münster refuses to introduce it, which will happen later in 1679.

1690, April: Sea battle of Ibiza. United Spanish-Italian fleet defeats French-Savoy fleet.

And now things become revolutionary interesting...
The World 1750-75:

Russian lands:
1750s: Steppe Wars begin. Novorussians fight the various steppe people (Kirghiz, Kara-Kitai, even what remains of the Kipchaks) between Russia and Choresm (OTL Kazakhstan).

1754: First telegraph line in another country but Novorossiya, connecting Kiev and Chernigov.

1765: Dynamo invented in Novorossiya.

1770-79: Russian Civil War. Novorossiya and Kiev-Chernigov defeat Vladimir-Suzdal, send the Czar to exile, divide Vladimir between them.

East Asia:
1756: Spain allies with Nippon against Novorossiya and Korea, starts converting the Nipponese and modernizing their army.

1761/62: Kyushu uprising against Korea, Nippon reunited.

1763: Reacting to their defeat, Korea gets closer to Novorossiya - building telegraph lines, importing new weapons, and even letting Orthodox missionaries into the country.

1766: Indochinese League falls apart, when Khmer conquer Champa.

1774: Pegu (S Burma) invades N Burma, where they meet Chinese troops and (more or less) surprisingly defeat them.

Muslim lands:
1752-57: Persia fights the Seljuks, South Russia joins them; Armenia liberated, Syria and Palestine go to Persia. The Seljuk empire now is reduced to Anatolia, Greece, Bulgaria and OTL Romania.

1758: "Young Seljuks" topple the sultan Süleyman VIII, make new sultan Kay Khusrau X introduce a constitution, which introduces a kind of a parliament (all adult educated male Muslims may elect representatives).

1768: Egypt uses the opportunity and takes French Sinai. France is cut off from Asia again.

1773: First telegraph in Persia.

Atlantis:
1751: Spain discovers Hawaii, claims the island chain, starts radical Christianization.

1752: Denmark-Braunschweig and Italy make a contract about their lands in Atlantis, which gives Italy OTL southern tip of Illinois.

1760: First Russian settlement in Atlantis (Novorossisk, on Vancouver island) gets representation in the Central Vyetje.

1769: King Francesco III occupies the valuable Caribbean colony Nouvelle France (OTL Haiti) for Italy. The other powers protest, since they can't interfere.

1771: As one of his first deeds, Gioacchino sends troops to Atlantis and attacks Caroline, south of Italia Nuova, which is conquered and added to Italia Nuova until 1773.

Central Europe:
1758: First telegraph line in a Catholic land (Hungary).

1761: The protector of Venice dies. Traditionally the new one has to be appointed by the French king, which can't happen due to France lacking a king. Italy uses the opportunity and annexes Venice, including Dalmatia, since France is distracted.
The Seljuks also strike, take the Venetian islands in the Agaean.

1762: First telegraph in Italy.

1764: First telegraph in Poland.

1765: Duke Franz of Bavaria dies. Franconia-Pomerania and Württemberg-Austria make claims, since the appointed successor doesn't descend in direct male line from the Wittelsbachs. He manages to defend his lands in the short Southern German War (1766/67), though.

1768: First telegraph in a German state (Bavaria).

1770: Joaquin / Gioacchino, last surviving male of the Alvarez dynasty (there are rumors that his cousin and predecessor was killed because of taking Nouvelle France), becomes king of Italy.
Charles VI of Hungary also dies, leaving the country in a critical situation to his comparably less competent son.

Northern and Western Europe:
1759: First telegraph in Sweden.

1762: In the French estates, the majority of the Third Estate advocates making France a republic for the first time.

1763: After a bad harvest, peasants revolt and march to Paris. The Third Estate also feels threatened, demands reforms (like allowing the peasants to hunt) mostly at the expense of the nobles. The estates are split, but many clerics and lower nobles are pragmatic enough to support the Third Estate, so the reforms are pushed through. The conservative opposition takes this as an affront, leaves the assembly. With this step, the remaining assembly becomes more and more radical.
Later that year: The first written constitution is introduced. It gives power for legislation to a parliament, which is elected by all adult male citizens above a certain level of income.
Even later that year: First elections. France is officially made a republic.

1764: Early in the year, the duke of Guise protests the reforms, raises troops and takes power in NE France. The assembly decides to fight him, makes a law, forcing all the nobles and clerics to swear an oath on the new constitution. Those who resist are disowned.

1764-67: French Civil War.

1765: Governors of Nouvelle France, Algeria, Caroline and Louisiana declare independence - until France has a king again. Lacking a navy (because the mostly noble captains don't want to fight for a republic and thus deserted), France can't take them back.
Despite of the War, France builds its first telegraph line.

1768: After the death of the more cool-headed kings Humphrey III and IV of Britain and Héctor II of Spain, who were self-assured enough not to be impressed by the king-less situation of France, diplomatic tensions to France rapidly worsen. The first French Republican War begins. Savoy, the Netherlands, even Hungary under hesitating Charles VI and many German states join the coalition; only Italy stays neutral.

1768, September: Battle of Verdun. German armies defeat French.

1769: France orders the "levee en masse", creating the republican armies.
The pope flees from Avignon, first down the Rhone river to Corse, but later moves his seat to Toledo, Spain, since Italy doesn't want to enter the war. In Spain, he outspeaks decidedly against republicanism, further encouraging the "monarchist crusade" feeling among the reigning classes in Europe. There are some hopes among conservatives that this may bring the national churches closer together and give the pope more power.

1769, April: British troops land in Aquitaine, to unite with the Spaniards.

1769, May: Battle of Aix-en-Provence - "the blackest day for the house of Savoy": Crown prince Filiberto is captured by the French, his brother Filippo and their cousin (also named Filippo) die in battle.

1769, August: Battle of Belfort. French kick out German troops from French soil. However, the Swiss Confederation now enters the war against France.

1770, March: Battle of De Panne. French defeat Dutch, who complain that the Brits didn't support them.

1770, July: British-Spanish army defeated before Limoges. Spain reatreats from France, fights defensively.

1770, September: Battle of Pont-a-Mousson. German-Swiss-Hungarian troops defeated by French.

1771, February: Spaniards fight off French attack against the Pyrenees.

1771, July: Battle of Saarbrücken. French occupy SW Germany between Mosel and Rhine rivers.

1771, November: French Royalists in Algeria attempt a landing, supported by the Spanish navy, in South France. The landing itself is successful, but the people doesn't raise against the republic, and the landed troops are defeated. Many ships have to be abandoned.

1772, January: After the French used the holidays to move their armies, while the Spaniards were celebrating, Catalonia is overrun by the French.

1772, April: Battle of Maasmechelen. Last German-Dutch army defeated.

1772: Peace of Brussels. All the German lands west of the Rhine are annexed by France, plus the lands of Berg and Baden at the right bank. So are Spain north of the Ebro, French-speaking Switzerland, the Alsace, (old) Savoy and Nice. Switzerland is neutralized again.
In the HRE, the first Pole (king Stanislaw of the Koniecpolski family) is elected emperor.
Uprisings in Portugal against Spanish rule start again.

Stories:
[post=819143]France under the estates (Very long story)[/post]
[post=841520]The Russian danger[/post]
[post=989395]Application for the ban on a movie[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

@Admiral Matt: I don't know why no Persian dynasty IOTL claimed the title Caliph... probably because it wasn't necessary anymore, or because of the Shiite religion, which tells that the rightful leader (the Twelfth Imam) is hidden somewhere.

@Wendell: I'm working at some maps. Sorry if they're late.

@Blackadder: Thank you. Yes, part of Flanders were French several times, and now, the French own everything west of the Rhine anyway (and all the Netherlands).

And here's The World, 1775-1800:

Eastern Europe / Russian lands:
1777: Orthodox Serbians and Bosnians raise against Hungarian rule, become independent again.

1780s: Many old Russian cities get representation in the Central Vyetye of Novorossiya.

1785-87: Novorossiya attacks weakened Sweden, conquers Finland, Estonia.

1786: After the death of duke Balthasar V of Prussia (and claimant for dukedom of Thuringia), his three sons struggle for power in Prussia. Pomerania-Mecklenburg, Brandenburg-Silesia, Poland, Sweden-Norway and the two Russias all support various sides in the war.

1794: Novorossiya interferes in Prussian Civil War, destroys Prussian fleet. Prussia comes under Russian occupation.

Atlantis:
1776: A canal connecting Ohio and Mississippi built in German Atlantis. (South tip of Illinois is part of Italia Nuova.)

1782: Louisiana conquered by Italy, which now rules all the former French colonies.

1791: The first transoceanic telegraph cable (so to speak - it connects OTL Siberia and Alaska) built.

1793: East of OTL Hispaniola occupied by Italy.

1794: Smaller islands in the Caribbean occupied by Italy, before Britain can get them. Britain tries to take advantage of Denmark's fall and retake the later's part of Atlantis, at least New England.
Cuba, Florida, Texas, California, Mexico and Spanish South Atlantis declare independence.

1795: The "Schulzenaufstand" (Mayors' Uprising - yes, "Schulze" is an old German term for "Bürgermeister" / Mayor) in German Atlantis. After the end of Denmark-Braunschweig as a state, they declare themselves independent, form a confederation similar to Switzerland. Italy accepts the new situation, leaders of Britain and the former Spanish colonies foam at the mouth.

~1800: British, German and Italian settlements have reached the Rocky Mountains, where they make contact to Novorussian settlers. Germans found Silberstadt in OTL Montana; Italians form the new province of TTL Montana (roughly OTL East Colorado).

Rest of the world:
1787: Independent Portugal tries to reclaim its former colonies in Guinea, where meanwhile a Portuguese-speaking Mulatto upper class rules. The trial is not successful, but trade is reopened (no slave trade with Europe, though).

Muslim World:

1778: Choresm occupies OTL Sinkiang.

1781-88: After Seljuks try to reimpose their rule over Serbia and Bosnia, South Russia interferes on their side. Moldovia, Vlachia invaded. In the peace of Odessa, both become Russian tributaries.

1789: After the lost war, sultan Kilij Arslan VII is replaced by Kay Qubadh VI, who has to leave most power to the parliament.

1790s: Shiite refugees from Seljuk sultanate and North Africa arrive in Persia.

1798-1800: Conquest of Algeria by Italy, with silent support by the French republic.

East Asia:
1780s: Champa (S Vietnam), Thailand and Pegu (S Burma) invade the sinicized nations of Laos, Vietnam and Ava (N Burma) and even the South of China, including the former kingdom of Dali. It is quite obvious that the emperor has lost the Mandate of Heaven.

1789: General Lin Xiaolong ("Little Dragon"), commander of the troops in the province of Peking, declares himself new emperor. Without anyone realizing the situation, because everything happens so fast, he soon reigns the whole north-east of China. Novorossiya supports him too.

1794: General Lin Xiaolong crosses the Yangtse.

1797: Nanking besieged by Lin Xiaolong.

1798: After the fall of Spain, Christianity in Nippon takes a new way - the king (he's not called emperor ITTL by foreigners) is accepted as the spiritual head of the country and church. Nipponese Christianity is still more the radical kind.

1800: Hong emperor flees to Tungning (OTL Taiwan), which is governed together with the Philippines by him - the rest of his empire. Since he takes most of the navy with him, Lin Xiaolong can't do anything. Lin Xiaolong starts the new dynasty Ming ("brightness"), takes the throne name Yongzhi 永智, "Everlasting Wisdom".

Western Europe:
1770s: Denmark-Braunschweig, Britain and Spain build their first telegraph lines, being the last European nations to do so.

Late 1770s: After the downfall of the French Indochinese Compagnie, France is struck by a severe financial crisis. General Boulanger takes "temporal power" (which has to be accepted by plebiscites once per five years).

1779: Last duke of Savoy dies. His country goes to Italy, due to a contract he made with king Gioacchino.
War between republican France and the British-Spanish-German-Polish-Hungarian-Danish-Swedish coalition breaks out again.

1780: War starts promising for the coalition when the Spaniards retake Catalonia and the German-British-Dutch armies cross the Rhine and invade the Palatinate.

1781: Tide of war turn again for France, when Boulanger defeats the coalition armies at Worms (June) and Weissenburg (September) and the Spaniards have to retreat behind the Ebro too.

1782: French assembly proclaims to liberate all the people in Europe from their royal yoke.

1783: "The thrust through Germany". General Boulanger crosses the Rhine, marches through South Hesse, Württemberg, Franconia, Thuringia until arriving in Dresden at christmas.

1784: Winter battle of Aussig. French republican armies invade Bohemia.

1784: Peace of Basel. Bohemia, Hesse, Franconia and Thuringia-Meissen (OTL Thuringia and Saxony) become officially French satellite republics. The remaining Netherlands become part of France itself. Württemberg proper becomes a part of the Swiss republic, which is another French satellite. Sweden-Norway also has to cede Mecklenburg to the duke of Pomerania, which causes king Johan II of Sweden to doubt the cause of the Royalists. The HRE is dissolved. South Aragon (Valencia) is also ceded to France, Portugal becomes an independent republic.

1788: After the heirless death of Kristian V, last Welf king of Denmark-Braunschweig, Polish king and former HREmperor Stanislaw starts regency.

1790: France and Sweden make a secret alliance against Denmark-Braunschweig.

1791: After the death of king Francisco of Spain, his hot-headed grandson becomes king instead. He pressures for war against France, which breaks out again. This is despite the fact that this coalition is even weaker than ever before. Nassau, one of the strongest German states, stays neutral, Sweden-Norway sides with France.

1791, July: Battle of Ingolstadt. French-German armies cross the Danube.

1793: Peace of Frankfurt. Bavaria, Brandenburg-Silesia, Pomerania and Braunschweig (incl. Schleswig-Holstein) are turned into republics too. Denmark proper goes to Sweden. Spain occupied by France (except Galicia, which is occupied by Portugal). The Spanish royal family goes to Morocco, the pope flees to Canterbury, Britain, which swears to continue the fight. This leads to a costly "perpetual war" when Britain continually tries to attack French coasts and support uprisings in Spain and Germany.
The only monarchist states remaining in Western Europe are Britain, Italy, Sweden-Norway-Denmark, Hungary, Poland, and the German states of Austria and Nassau - less than ten, for the first time.

1797: Royalist (French-Spanish) fleet of the Mediterranean destroyed by Italians. Baleares held by them become Italian.

1799: General Boulanger puts power down (deliberately!), regular elections are held again.

Since 1790s: Many nobles and other opponents of the French republic flee from their sphere of influence. Germans use to go to Atlantis, Nassau or Hungarian Austria, all others go to Britain or their colonies of Braseal and Argentine, where many get land from the British state. Many Spaniards also flee to Morocco.

--

Stories (longer):
[post=833496]King Gioacchino of Italy[/post]
[post=838576]Chinese Revolution[/post]
[post=865605]History of the "Schulzenaufstand"[/post] (Atlantis)

 

[Max Sinister]

@Admiral Matt: I thought about general MacMahon in the 3rd republic. He was a general too, he could've installed another dictatorship - but he didn't. It's a bit like if another general but Napoleon had taken power in OTL France after the directory, who'd believe in the republic.
@Constantinople: Could be you're confusing it with Italy from the Old Chaos TL, which is indeed a united republic since ~1500. TTL Italy emerged from the old republic of Florence, which became a duchy in 1477, a grand duchy in 1575 and was united with the kingdom of Sicily in 1688.

And France... don't forget it was the most populated country in Europe by far, except for Russia (which didn't fight France). In the First Coalition War against republican France IOTL the situation was similar, and France still won.

And since we're in the year 1800, here's the summary:

Summary of the 18th century:

Atlantis: Germans, Italians, Spaniards and English extend their settlements until reaching the Rockies, where they meet the Russians who have spread from Alyeska. After the French Republican Wars, Italy annexes the French colonies and some Spanish islands. German Atlantis declares independency after their home country Denmark-Braunschweig ceases to exist.

Europe: Sweden-Netherlands gives more power to the parliament. After its setback in the anti-French War, France can restore its position somehow. After the death of king Charles X, the country has the estates debate for years about the right heir, which leads to the people declaring a republic when they see that a king-less government is perfectly possible. In the following French Republican Wars, France achieves dominance over Germany and Iberia. For quite some time, general Boulanger governs the country with dictatorical power. Pope loses more influence to the kings, has to flee after the changes in France first to Spain, later to Britain.

Russian lands: The invention of the telegraph spreads from Russia to other Eurasian nations. Vladimir-Suzdal is defeated and divided by Novorossiya and South Russia (Kiev-Chernigov + Dvoryan republics). Serbia and Bosnia gain independence after centuries. Novorossiya expands into Finland, Prussia, Central Asian steppe.

Muslim world: Shiite Persia still becomes stronger, pushes Seljuks back. "New Seljuks" try to reform their state. France again tries to occupy the Sinai, for a connection to India. Egypt becomes independent.

East Asia: France founds the short-lived Indochinese League. Hong China is attacked by its former tributaries, losing some provinces in the South. General Lin Xiaolong uses the opportunity to take power, founding the Ming dynasty. Spain gains influence in Nippon.

Rest of the world: Brits discover Antipodia (OTL Australia). Guinea develops into a state with a Portuguese-speaking mulatto ruling class.

--

History of science in the 18th century:

General state of the art:

Western Europe: In Italia Nuova, the equivalent of the "Spinning Jenny" is built. Steam machine invented in Britain by Christian 't Hooft, a fled Dutchman. Several progresses in chemistry, mechanical machines.

Russian lands: Invention of the telegraph leads to an acceleration of science, esp. in the area of electricity (lightning rod, electromagnet, arc lamp).

Islamic World: The orbit of Uranus is studied and the discrepance of its speed noticed (caused by the gravitational influence of Neptune). Towards the end of the century, in Persia the first hot air balloon is built.

India: Kerala school makes yet some more mathematical discoveries at the level of OTL 20th century.

China: Science still stagnates, although some European inventions are still introduced.

Read about [post=1070467]paradigmatic revolutions in Russia[/post]!

--

And here's the map for Europe in 1800. Note there's a retcon:
1793: Peace of Frankfurt. Bavaria, Brandenburg-Silesia, Pomerania and Braunschweig (incl. Schleswig-Holstein) are turned into republics too. Denmark proper goes to Sweden. Spain is occupied by France (except Galicia, which goes to Portugal) and divided into the republics of Castille, Asturia and Andalusia. Hungary has to cede the lands of the Czechs and Slovaks, which become the Moravian republic.

Oh, and BTW, I also added a worldmap for 1700, on page 9 of the thread.

 

[Max Sinister]

@Admiral Matt: OTL republican France first made a constitution which had active and passive citizens - 4.5 million adult male French were active citizens, 3 million were passive. ITTL, since the republic came into being earlier, and with less brute force, it'll be rather the other way round. Of course, this can still change - ITTL the Jacobins changed it too and gave all adult males the right to vote.
@Tizoc: Looks like if you're right - I simply forgot about Poland. I thought about retconning it, but since the Russians were preoccupied with the war against Vladimir-Suzdal (and its division), there's no war for Polozk. Later maybe.

And I used the opportunity to correct two other mistakes too: Albania's an Italian protectorate, and Castille and Morocco are seperated (Castille is a French satellite republic, Morocco is Spain-in-exile).


And now the new update:

First a Retcon (about natural disasters):
1505: Mega earthquake in Himalaya. Nepal and other states of the area are broken.

1572: Cassiopeia Supernova observed. Astronomers in Europe and Islamic world start rethinking Aristoteles' theory that stars are everlasting.

1604: Ophiuchus Supernova observed.

1642: Great floods in China, more than 300,000 people killed.

1693: Earthquake of Sicily. The old royal palace is also destroyed, helping king Francisco / Francesco I to move the court to Rome.

1703, silvester: Earthquake of Edo (Tokyo). More than 100,000 victims.

1755, November 1st: Earthquake of Lissabon. After more than 50 years of Spanish suppression, this event breaks the spirit of the Portuguese. Many leave the country for Guinea.


Special retcon for Russian princedoms:
In 1223, before the battle of river Kalka against the Mongols, there were about 75 male Rurikids left. Because of the Russian system of patrilineal seniority (means: If one of them dies, the thrones are rotated among the survivors - see wiki), I didn't write down the exact list of rulers down for every princedom; instead, I just estimated how many heirs (means: sons, surviving into adulthood, not taking the vow) everyone had, thus determining their numbers for later generations.

So here are the events in Russia left out in earlier updates:
1225-50: Many wars against attacking Kumans and Volga Bulgars. Number of princes falls to ~60.

1250-1300: A lot of infighting reduces the number of princes down to ~50.

1300-50: Attacks of the Teutonic knights takes out the princes from Polozk and Turov-Pinsk, reducing the total to ~45.

1350-1400: Teutonic knights takes out the princes from Halicz-Volhyn, but thanks to natural growth the number stays roughly equal.

1400-50: Although the Black Death has depopulated Russia, the number of the princes grew up to ~60.

1450-1500: Fearing that their power is destroyed again, the Great Princes take various measures to exclude some of the princes for various reasons. Their number goes down to ~40.

1500-50: After excluding even more Rurikids from their claims, the number of princes has shrunk to ~25 in 1525, after which the Great Princes decide it's enough.

1550-1600: Quite a peaceful time for the Rurikid house.

1600-50: After Pyotr I of Vladimir-Suzdal became first Czar, he removes some of the Rurikids in North Russia, reducing their number a bit.

1650-1700: After some more princes in North Russia lose their claims, the number of Rurikids with claims falls to an all-tine low of 22.

1700-50: With a kind of enlightenment spreading through Russia, even some princes standing too low in the line of succession give up their claims to persuade other careers. Their number falls below 20.

1750-1800: After Vladimir-Suzdal is conquered by Southern Russia and Novorossiya in 1779, the number of princes dwindles to 11, since the Northern Rurikids are exiled.


And a Retcon for East Asia:
1776: Italy sends diplomats to Pegu (S Burma), makes a trading treaty.

1779: Italy makes a trading treaty with Bengal.

1783: Italy makes a trading treaty with Melaka.

1784: Italy makes a trading treaty with Thailand.

1787: Italy makes a trading treaty with Khmer.

1790: Italy clashes with Britain at Java, makes a retreat.

1792: Italy makes a trading treaty with Champa (S Vietnam).

1795: "The great catch": Italy makes a trading treaty with Vijayanagar.

(At the moment, the Italians have to send their ships around Africa to trade with India and SE Asia, but king Gioacchino already thinks about shortening the way somehow.)


And now, The World 1800-20:

Atlantis:
Early 1800s: In German Atlantis, the two main political parties ("Die Freien" - "The Free Ones", and "Die Gleichen" - "The Equal Ones") emerge. They give each other the nicknames "Die Nackten" ("the naked ones", implying they have no shame) and "Die Blinden" ("the blind ones", accusing them being blind for reality).

1804: Italy conquers Cuba.

1811/12: Three earthquakes in North Atlantis during short time.

1812: Italy conquers Florida, now uniting all of OTL Old South.

1813: Canadian Revolutionary War begins, for the Canadians feel that they have to pay too many taxes for the never-ending, unsuccessful wars in Europe and are too suppressed.

1814: Most Canadian harbors occupied by Britain.

1816: Kingsburgh (OTL Montreal) besieged by Brits.

1817: Young people (esp.) in German Atlantis join Canadians fighting Britain, being more pro-republic than their indifferent parents.

1820: Second siege of Kingsburgh.


Muslim World:
1800-06: Persia makes war against Vijayanagar again, unsuccessfully. The latter ones are supported by Italy.

1813-15: South Russia attacks Seljuks, takes Bulgaria. Now all the Southern Slavs are liberated from Seljuk rule.

1815: After the lost war, the Seljuk sultan loses practicaclly all real power.

1818-20: Italy conquers Egypt, which is done by general Alessandro Napoleoni from Sardinia.


Western Europe:
1801: After anti-French uprisings in Andalusia, Britain and Morocco attempt a landing in Spain, which the French still defeat.

1802: First bigger anti-French uprising in a German state, in Switzerland. Although the cities and plains can be brought under control, the more resilient population in the high mountains of the Alps and the Black Forest can't be stopped. French react pragmatically this time, leaving the mountain people to themselves and have the Swiss government accept the loss of taxes.

1810: Britain tries again to support an anti-French uprising in Asturia, which the French suppress again.

1816: Ludwig VIII of Austria dies, state is united with Hungary.

1818: German uprising against France. Rhine bridges destroyed, French troops in Germany cut off and overwhelmed by German revolutionaries. France has to let the Germans go, but keeps the Netherlands and the Rhineland. Switzerland also stays a satellite.


East Asia:
1801: Novorossiya makes a treaty with the new emperor of China regarding their common border.

1802: Hong China (on OTL Taiwan, Philippines, we remember) makes an alliance with Britain.

1804-15: In a longer war, China kicks out the SE Asians from its South again and also reconquers the sinicized Annam, Ava (N Burma), Lan Xang (Laos) and Lannathai (N Thailand). After this, the country has to recover, however.

1805: Italy sends diplomats to Pegu (S Burma), supports them with arms against China. Similar treaties with Thailand, Champa and Khmer follow.

1815, April 10th - 15th: Eruption of Tambora volcano. "Year without summer" follows.


Eastern Europe / Russian lands:
Early in 19th century: Idea of Panslavism starts to spread.

1806: Novorossiya and South Russia (Kiev) attack Poland, take the former Russian lands of Turov, Pinsk and Volhyn back. Poland east of the Vistula stays occupied.

1809-14: Novorossiya fights Choresm, takes its northern parts, including Sinkiang area. Choresm also has to pay tribute.

1820: Number of Rurikid princes in South Russia has fallen below 10.

--

Stories:
[post=847977]Walter Meier, father of the German unity[/post]
[post=861157]Thomas König and the siege of Kingsburgh[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

@Stalker: I checked it - they were usually called "Rurikids" in English. I admit it sounds a bit like a Greek name, esp. if written with the -idea ending. But since "Rurikid(s)" seems to be the proper English form, I think I'll keep it.

About the Dvoryan republics: I'm looking for a different name too, but Cossack is impossible, since that word is derived from Mongol "kazak", which doesn't work ITTL. They are supposed to be the equivalent to Cossacks, right, but they need another name. That's why I thought about using "Dozor" (watchers, watchmen) instead. Wouldn't be too bad IMO, since they're supposed to watch the border of Russian-settled lands against Kumans and other people. Yes, at the moment I tend to "Dozor".

But now, here's The World, 1820-40:

Western Europe:
1809 (Retcon): Since the British Royal Family has acquired the claims for most German electorates, Humphrey V is elected unofficial Holy Roman Emperor. Not even the French Republican government cares much, even less the Germans, but a lot of money is spent on the coronation, which uses the old German rituals, although they have become criticized as pointless for at least a century in Germany itself before the HRE ended.

1820: German parliament decides that Walter Meier mustn't return to Germany. The German politician criticize that he worked as a tribute collector for the French, that he didn't manage to include Nassau, Switzerland, the Rhineland, Prussia, Austria and the Dutch into Germany, and many are simply envious.

1823: Alessandro Napoleoni who was appointed successor of king Gioacchino, declares himself New Roman emperor. He plans to unite the lands of the old Roman empire (in W Europe at least), but also thinks about new colonies.
Germany gives itself the first constitution, after having discussed it for years.

1824: Imperial-Catholic church founded. The New Roman emperor is the head of it. He uses the church as a tool to bring the former French and Spanish colonies better under his heel. Priests who deny the oath are expelled or incarcerated.
Switzerland leaves the French sphere of influence after an uprising. Germans invite them to join Germany, but they decline.
Germany and New Rome make a treaty of friendship.

1825-27: Rhenish War. Germany and Switzerland defeat France; Rhineland, Alsace-Lorraine, German-speaking Luxembourg, western Switzerland ceded by France. The long (more than 50 years!) French influence still proves to be hard to overcome, and many people decide to emigrate from the "liberated" lands to France.

1830: Death of grand duke Adolf Ignaz II of Nassau. (In his Bohemian exile, Walter Meier triumphs: "Adolf Nazi [1] is dead!") A plebiscite about the future in the country makes Nassau a republic, which is soon united with Germany (thus gaining the important Ruhr area). Britain protests, since the king now helds (thanks to various marriages of the Royal Family with expelled German princes and princesses) claims to Nassau (and other German states).

[1] No kidding - "Nazi" was once used as a short form of Ignaz.

1830s: "Railroad mania" starts in Britain.

1833: Death of last Bourbon king Sigismond / Zsigmond III of Hungary.

1835: Emperor Alessandro introduces the French calendar (equivalent to ), metric lengths and weights in the New Roman Empire. The Germans soon follow suit.

1838: English revolution, king Philip killed. Revolutionaries declare the British republic. Royal family under his successor George I flees to New Albion (OTL New Zealand). The pope goes with them.

1840: Dutch uprising. France is unable to suppress them, has to grant Netherlands and Flanders independence on German and Roman pressure.

Atlantis:
1822: With some help from German Atlantis, Canada can win independence. Only OTL Newfoundland stays British. British loyalists flee to Braseal. Joseph B. Franklin elected first president of Canada.

1825: Spanish lands in South Atlantis occupied by New Rome.

1826-29: Lacking money, emperor Alessandro attacks and conquers the Inca empire. Their gold and silver mines now work for the New Roman Empire.

1832-36: Anti-British War of allied New Rome, Germany, German Atlantis and Canada. Unexpectedly, the Imperial Navy proves to be stronger than the Royal Navy, thanks to the numerous fights against Spanish Navy-in-exile. In the peace of Roma Nuova, Britain has to cede Newfoundland to Canada and its lands in South Atlantis, which are divided along the Tropic of Capricorn: Braseal goes to New Rome, the Germans receive Argentine as a place for settlement (from now on, more often called Argentinien). Patagonia, being uninteresting for the victors, becomes independent Aymaria.

1837: Texas added to New Rome.
First German settlers arrive in Argentinien. The British upper class is kicked out, while the ordinary Brits are assimilated with time.

East Asia:

1827: A New Roman expedition returns from India, further spurning the interest in the subcontinent. Having learned that there exists cults in India which use to murder for their gods, like Kali, emperor Alessandro starts thinking about using them for his purposes.

1829: The Himalaya states (Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim, Kashmir) accept China's authority again.

1832: Formal conversion of the tenno to the version of Christianity adapted by the Nipponese. Christianity made state religion.

1830s: Chinese population starts to grow rapidly, and the authorities don't know what to do.

Eastern Europe / Russian lands:

1820s: Reforms in South Russia. Cities, middle class get more rights, like representation in the Duma. The Southern Slavs from Serbia, Bosnia, Bulgaria and Kurnava (OTL Dobruja) are also included, as are Vlachia and Moldovia.

1824: After a Pontic Greek uprising, South Russia fights the Seljuks, makes Trebizond their protectorate. Greek and Russian Orthodox churches start to approximate.

1834: When Russia diplomatically clashes with Hungary, emperor Alessandro fears Russia invading Hungary at the wrong time. So he suggests the Hungarian division: Austria goes to Germany, Croatia to New Rome, Transsylvania becomes a Russian protectorate.

1838/39: After Poles rise up against Russian occupation, Novorossiya attacks and conquers all of Poland. The last king flees to Sweden, later to Britain.

Muslim lands:
Retcon:
1515: "Decadent" Persia overrun by Sunni Pashtuns from Afghanistan who found a new dynasty, which will reign for the next centuries.

1828-34: After a payment of tribute was missed, Novorossiya conquers and subjugates Choresm.

1832-39: Suez canal built.

1835: After anti-Jewish pogroms in North Africa, a delegation of rabbis approaches the emperor. He offers the Jews a home at the Sinai, as close to biblical Israel as possible without moving right in, to form a buffer against the Persian empire and to guard the Suez canal. This marks the beginning of the Jewish state. (This is not completely un-selfish: The Jewish traders can be replaced by Italians, thus strengthening their influence.)

1838-40: Morocco conquered by New Rome after Muslim uprising. (Fled) Spanish royal family exiled to Braseal. Emperor Alessandro has the old Holy City of Kairouan (Tunisia) re-secrated for the Muslim pilgrims.

Stories:
[post=856768]Emperor Alessandro[/post]
[post=905358]A youth in China[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

@Constantinople: As I said - for a long time, the (official) pope was residing in Avignon, being a puppet of the French king and not much more than a symbol for the united Catholic church. After France became a republic in 1763, he fled to Toledo (Spain), after the French conquered Spain in 1793 he went to Canterbury (Britain), and when Britain became a republic too in 1838 he fled to New Albion (OTL New Zealand).

The Seljuks went earlier into Europe, but also were kicked out earlier... I'd still say that a few more people than OTL became Muslims. After the reconquest they still had to flee or reconvert, so now there aren't very many of them left.

Until the next update (which will be about science from TTL 1800-50), here's a list of monarchs for the years until 1840. I bet you never heard of some of those dynasties... but that doesn't matter, because (well, almost) all of them either died out, or were toppled by republicans, or had to flee from foreign invaders!! Mwahaha and ha!!!

--

Kings of Scotland:
Estates republic: 1628-94
Conquest by England, end of state

--

Kings of England and Wales:
Stafford dynasty:
Humphrey I (*1602) 1647-82
Humphrey II (*1659) 1682-93
Humphrey III (*1683) 1693/94

Kings of Great Britain:
Humphrey III 1694-1766
Humphrey IV (*1717) 1766/67
Humphrey V (*1750) 1767-1825
Philip (*1777) 1825-38
Revolution, end of monarchy in Britain

Kings of New Albion (officially still kings of Britain, and whatnot):
George I (*1784) 1838-

--

Kings of France:
Dynasty of Berry:
Francois IV (*1601) 1605-81
Francois V (*1640) 1681-92
Francois VI (*1669) 1692-1740
Philippe VI (*1703) 1740-43
Charles X (*1674) 1743-49

Estates rule: 1749-63

Republic: 1763-78 and since 1799

Dictatorship under Boulanger: 1778-99

--

Kings of Spain:
Aliaga dynasty:
Alfonso XII (*1587) 1628/34-56
Maria (*1620) 1656-75

Monteleón dynasty:
Héctor I (*1646) 1675-1737
Héctor II (*1704) 1737-68
Héctor III (*1732) 1768-72
Francisco I 1772-91
Francisco II 1791-93 (+1799)

End of state, conquest by France

--

Kings of Portugal:
Linhares dynasty:
Fernando II (*1617) 1642-57
Manoel (*1646) 1657-94 (+1716)

Spanish kings:
Heitor I 1694-1737
Heitor II 1737-68
Heitor III 1768-72
Francisco I 1772-84

Declaration of the republic

--

Kings of Denmark:
Kristian II (*1624) 1644-65
Kristian III (*1656) 1665-1709
Kristian IV (*1689) 1709-15
Kristian V (*1714) 1715-88

Regency of Polish king Stanislaw: 1788-93

1793: End of state, annexed by Sweden-Norway.

--

Kings of Norway:
-1694: Part of Denmark
1694-: Part of Sweden

--

Kings of Sweden:
Erich / Erik XVII (*1615) 1636-72
Christine / Kristina I (*1643) 1672-1713
Christine / Kristina II (*1668) 1713
Erich / Erik XVIII (*1689) 1713-45
Johann / Johan II (*1721) 1745-1814
Erich / Erik XIX (*1786) 1814-23
Johann / Johan III (*1817) 1823-

--

Holy Roman kings and emperors:
Karl VIII of Bourbon/Hungary 1648-64 (emperor-elect since 1652)
Franz III 1664-81
Franz IV of Sicily 1682-95
Franz of Berry 1682-93 (anti-emperor)
Georg of Thuringia-Weimar 1695-99
Eduard II of Geldern 1699-1722
Ignaz of Nassau 1722-34
Heinrich IX of Brandenburg 1734-54
Franz V of Bavaria 1754-65
Ludwig V of Württemberg 1765-72
Stanislaus of Poland 1772-84

End of HRE

--

Kings of the Netherlands:
Eduard II (*1574) 1612-58
Eduard III (*1605) 1658-92
Geerard III (*1639) 1692-94
Eduard IV 1694-1722

Obotrite dynasty of Sweden
Erik 1722-45
Jan 1745-84

1784: End of state, annexed by France

--

Kings of Poland:
Stanislaw I of Opalinski (*1603) 1642-51
Lukasz of Opalinski (*1635) 1651-88

Francois / Franciszek of Hungary/Bourbon 1688-94
Jakub of Sulkowski (*1646) 1694-1719

Koniecpolski dynasty:
Stanislaw II (*1677) 1719-25
Aleksander II (*1709) 1725-62
Stanislaw III (*1738) 1762-1819
Stanislaw IV (*1797) 1819-39

Conquest of the state by Russia, end of monarchy

--

Kings of Hungary:
Charles / Károly IV (*1592) 1647-64
Charles / Károly V (*1620) 1664-74
Francois / Ferenc IV (*1624) 1674-1700
Francois / Ferenc V (*1657) 1700-12
Charles / Károly VI (*1684) 1712-70
Charles / Károly VII (*1717) 1770-1800
Sigismond / Zsigmond III (*1759) 1800-33

End of monarchy

--

Grand Dukes of Florence:
Giovanni III (*1624) 1638-66
Lorenzo III (*1630) 1666-88

Kings of Sicily:
Álvarez dynasty:
José (*1606) 1641-58
Francisco II 1658-88

Kings of Italy:
Francisco / Francesco I (*1640) 1688-95
Pedro / Piero IV (*1671) 1695-1716
Francisco / Francesco II (*1699) 1716-59
Francisco / Francesco III (*1730) 1759-70
Joaquin / Gioacchino (*1733) 1770-1823

Emperors of New Rome:
Alessandro (*1786) 1823-

--

Counts of Luxembourg:
Heinrich VII 1288-1320
Karel IV (*1295) 1320-58
Sigismund -> Hungary

Dukes of Luxembourg:
Jann I (*1338) 1358-92
Jann II (*1367) 1392-1415
Jann III (*1394) 1415-68
Karel V (*1427) 1468-1502
state reunited with East Tyrol

Luxembourgian counts of Limburg:
Heinrich (*1432 +1461)
Udo I (*1463) 1468-1548
end of state, inherited by Luxembourg-Tyrol

Luxembourgian dukes of Tyrol:
Karl I (*1398) 1415-73

West Tyrol:
Meinhard (*1424 +1469)
Karl II (*1450) 1473-1502
Heinrich IV (*1483) 1502-67
Heinrich V (*1515) 1567-1603
Heinrich VI (*1556) 1603-07
Heinrich VII (*1587) 1607- +1631
end of state, incorporated by Luxembourg-Tyrol

Görz:
Karl III (*1523) 1567-83
end of state, inherited by West Tyrol

East Tyrol:
Heinrich III (*1426) 1473-81
Karl III/VI (*1456) 1481-1511
Heinrich IV/VIII (*1489) 1511-25
Karl IV/VII (*1518) 1525-52
Karl V/VIII (*1551) 1552-82
Karl VI/IX (*1580) 1582-1660
end of state, divided up by Bavaria, France and Venice

Brabant:
Karl -> Brabant-Limburg
Karl (VII) X (*1645) 1660-74
Karl XI (*1671) 1674-94

Luxembourg returned:
Karl XI 1694-1724
Karl XII (*1702) 1724-50
Karl XIII (*1731) 1750-72 (+1815)
French conquest, end of state - forever!

Important events:
1415: Luxembourg and Tyrol divided.
1468: Limburg split off Luxembourg for Udo
1473: Tyrol split into West and East Tyrol
1502: Line of East Tyrol inherits Luxembourg
1548: Limburg inherited by Luxembourg-Tyrol
1567: Görz split off from West Tyrol
1583: Görz reunited with West Tyrol
16: Heinrich VII of West Tyrol deposed for complete madness; all Luxembourg lands united under Karl IX (VI in Tyrol).
1664: After the defeat in the Luxembourgian War of Succession, the righteous heir Karl X has to go to Brabant-Limburg, the last lands left to him.
1694: Luxembourg lands restored.

--

Dukes of Braunschweig(-Lüneburg):

In the South, Braunschweig:
Albrecht I (*1236) 1267-1280

Heinrich I der Wunderliche, Albrecht II and Wilhelm der Fette (the Fat) together 1280-1289

Heinrich I (*1266) 1289-1303 in Wolfenbüttel (older line)
Heinrich II (*1289) 1303-1309
Otto I (*1292) 1309-39
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Göttingen

Johann (*1294) 1309-19 in Calenberg
Johann II (*1314) 1319-53 (so, 2S)
Johann III (*1343) 1353-92
Heinrich (*1372) 1392-1423
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg

Ernst (*1346) 1353-1408 in Gehrden (older line)
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg

Otto (*1381) 1420/21 in Gehrden (younger line)
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg

Albrecht II 1268-1309 (+1333) in Göttingen
Heinrich (son of Heinrich I of Wolfenbüttel!) 1309-53
Otto (*1309) 1353-59
Otto II (*1338) 1359-98
Erich (*1363) 1398-1433
Heinrich (*1391 +1422)
Heinrich II (*1418) 1433-73
Heinrich III (*1450) 1473-1513
Bernhard (*1479) 1513-29
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg

Erich (*1454) 1473-99 in Seesen
Erich II (*1484) 1499-1532
Erich III (*1516) 1532-66
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg

Erich (*1421) 1433-70 in Northeim (older line)
Ernst (*1453) 1470-84
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Göttingen

Heinrich (*1342) 1359-1400 in Wolfenbüttel (middle line)
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Göttingen

Ernst (*1396) 1420-36 in Wolfenbüttel (younger line)
Otto (*1427) 1436-1504
Ernst II (*1459) 1504-19
Ernst III (*1489) 1519-69
Heinrich (*1518) 1569-88
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg

Julius (*1495) 1519-44 in Blankenburg (younger line)
Julius II (*1527) 1544-85
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (younger line)

Otto (*1463) 1504-16 in Blankenburg (older line)
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (younger line)

Wilhelm I der Fette 1270-1292 in Grubenhagen
Heinrich (*1290) 1292-1314
Wilhelm II (*1311) 1314-82
Erich (*1366) 1382-1441
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg

Wilhelm I (*1292) 1292-1326 in Einbeck (older line)
Wilhelm II (*1318) 1326-52
Heinrich (*1345) 1352-69 (see Lüneburg)
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg

Heinrich I (*1437) 1460-1517 in Einbeck (younger line)
Heinrich II (*1467) 1517-22
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Lüneburg

In the North, Lüneburg:
Johann (*1242) 1269-1277
Otto II (*1267) 1277-1319
Johann II (*1296) 1319-69
united with Braunschweig-Einbeck
Heinrich (v. Einbeck) 1369-1408
united with Braunschweig-Gehrden
Ernst (of Gehrden) 1408-20
Ernst II (*1377) 1420-23
Ernst III (*1405) 1423-60
Bernhard I (*1433) 1460-84
Bernhard II (*1460) 1484-99
Bernhard III (*1489) 1499-1563
Ernst IV (*1520) 1563-71
end of state, united with Braunschweig-Hannover

Erich (*1526) 1563-85 in Hannover
Ernst V (*1558) 1585-1634
(continue under Denmark)

Important events:
1292: Einbeck (older line) split of Grubenhagen
1304-1309: Braunschweig War between Otto II the Just of Lüneburg and Albrecht II of Göttingen, who is said to be vying for the XXErbe of his 5 nephews.
1309: Calenberg split of Wolfenbüttel (elder line); Heinrich II of Wolfenbüttel (elder line) goes to Göttingen
1339: Göttingen inherits Wolfenbüttel (elder line)
1353: Gehrden (older line) split of Calenberg
1359: Wolfenbüttel (middle line) split of Göttingen
1369: Einbeck (older line) inherits Lüneburg
1400: Göttingen inherits Wolfenbüttel (middle line)
1408: Gehrden (older line) inherits Lüneburg-Einbeck
1420: Wolfenbüttel (younger line) split of Göttingen; Gehrden (younger line) split of Lüneburg
1421: Lüneburg inherits Gehrden (younger line)
1423: Lüneburg inherits Calenberg
1433: Northeim split of Göttingen
1441: Lüneburg inherits Grubenhagen
1460: Einbeck (younger line) split of Lüneburg
1473: Seesen split of Göttingen
1484: Göttingen inherits Northeim
1504: Blankenburg (older line) split of Wolfenbüttel (younger line)
1516: Wolfenbüttel (younger line) inherits Blankenburg (older line)
1519: Blankenburg (younger line) split of Wolfenbüttel (younger line)
1522: Lüneburg inherits Einbeck (younger line)
1529: Lüneburg inherits Göttingen
1563: Hannover split of Lüneburg
1566: Lüneburg inherits Seesen
1571: Hannover inherits Lüneburg
1585: Wolfenbüttel (younger line) inherits Blankenburg (younger line)
1588: Lüneburg inherits Wolfenbüttel (younger line)
1628: Double monarchy of Denmark-Braunschweig created

--

Dukes of Palatinate:
Ludwig II the Severe 1253-95
Ruprecht I (*1275) 1295-1327
Ruprecht II (*1299) 1327-52
Ludwig V (*1328) 1352-1401
split up:

Palatinate-Heidelberg:
Ludwig IX (*1355) 1401-30
Ruprecht IV (*1397) 1430/31
Ruprecht V (*1428) 1431-63
Ruprecht VI (*1460) 1463-89
(Simmern split of)
Ruprecht VII (*1485) 1489-1511
Ludwig XIV (*1510) 1511-62
Ludwig XV (*1537) 1562-68
Ludwig XVI (*1563) 1568-1624
Ludwig XVII (*1595) 1624-74
Ludwig (*1629 +1674)
Ludwig XVIII (*1662) 1674/94-1735
End of state, united with France or Palatinate-Neuburg?
French intermezzo:
Jean / Johann (*1720) 1735-44
Charles / Karl (*1725) 1744-56
End of state, united with Palatinate-Neuburg

Palatinate-Simmern:
Ludwig XIII (*1490) 1490-1567
End of state, united with Palatinate-Heidelberg

Palatinate-Sulzbach:
Ruprecht III (*1359) 1401-22
Ludwig X (*1392) 1422
End of state, united with Palatinate-Neuburg

Palatinate-Neuburg:
Konrad IV (*1368) 1401-38
Konrad VI (*1399) 1438-56
Cooperation of them: 1456-58
Konrad VII (*1426) 1458
Konrad VIII (*1456) 1458-1533
Konrad IX the Old / "da oide" (*1490) 1533-71
Konrad X (*1523) 1571-78
(Salzburg split of)
Konrad XI (*1556) 1578-1638
Franz (*1589 +1637)
Franz -> Franz I
Isabella (*1624 +1684)
Franz (*1648 +1692)
Franz (*1681 +1732)
Franz -> Franz III
Franz I (*1622) 1638-1713
Franz (*1655 +1680)
Isabella (*1657 +1730)
Franz (*1677 +1729)
Ruprecht (*1680 +1734)
Franz II (*1680) 1713-1765
Franz III (*1709) 1765-87
Franz IV (*1741) 1787/88

Bavaria-Salzburg:
Ruprecht VIII (*1560) 1578-1638
End of state, united with Palatinate-Neuburg

Dukes of Upper Bavaria:
Ludwig II the Severe 1253-95 (since 1275, also of Lower Styria)
Ottokar I (*1280) 1295-1347
Ottokar II (*1309) 1347-56
Cooperation of them: 1356-59

Bavaria-Munich:
Ottokar III (*1332) 1359-72
Ottokar IV (*1360) 1372-88
End of state, united with Bavaria-Ingolstadt
younger line:
Johann I (*1429) 1458-64
Johann II (*1460) 1464-1515
End of state, united with Bavaria-Deggendorf

Bavaria-Ingolstadt:
Ludwig VI (*1335) 1359-1413
End of state, united with Palatinate-Neuburg
younger line:
Ottokar VI (*1433) 1458-81
Ottokar VII (*1462) 1481-93
End of state, united with Bavaria-Munich

Lower Styria:
Otto V (*1343) 1359-1403
End of state, united with Upper Bavaria
younger line:
Ludwig XI (*1437) 1458-67
Ludwig XII (*1465) 1467-1544
End of state, united with Austria

Dukes of Lower Bavaria:
Heinrich XIII / I 1255-90
Otto III (*1261) 1290-1311 (1301-04 in Hungary)
Ludwig III 1290-96
Stephan 1290-1310
Heinrich XIV (Stephan's son) (*1306) 1310-66
Heinrich XV, Otto IV, Ludwig IV 1311-14

Bavaria-Straubing (older line):
Heinrich XV (*1284) 1314-23
younger line (now all of Lower Bavaria):
Heinrich XVI (*1339) 1359-84
(Landshut split of)
Heinrich XVII (*1367) 1384-1417
Konrad V (*1400) 1417-90
End of state, united with Bavaria-Munich

Bavaria-Landshut (older line):
Otto IV (*1288) 1314-32
younger line:
Ludwig VII (*1370) 1384-96
(Deggendorf split of)
Ottokar V (*1392) 1396-1470
Ottokar (*1420 +1464)
Ludwig (*1423) 1460 -> goes to Hungary
Otto V (*1451) 1470-87
End of state, united with Bavaria-Straubing

Bavaria-Deggendorf (older line):
Ludwig IV (*1291) 1314-19

younger line:
Ludwig VIII (*1394) 1396-1477
Heinrich XVIII (*1425) 1477-99
Heinrich XIX (*1457) 1499-1502
Heinrich XX (*1489) 1502-37
End of state, united with Palatinate-Neuburg

Important events:
1314: The first big split: Lower Bavaria divided into Bavaria-Straubing (older line), Bavaria-Deggendorf (older line), Bavaria-Landshut (older line).
1319: Bavaria-Deggendorf (older line) inherited by Bavaria-Landshut (older line).
1323: Lower Bavaria reunited as Bavaria-Straubing (older line) dies out.
1332: Lower Bavaria inherited by Ottokar I of Upper Bavaria.
1359: Bavaria split into the lines of Munich (older line), Ingolstadt (older line), Bavaria-Straubing (younger line) and Lower Styria.
1384: Bavaria-Landshut (younger line) split of Bavaria-Straubing (younger line).
1388: Bavaria-Munich (older line) inherited by Bavaria-Ingolstadt (older line).
1396: Younger line of Bavaria-Deggendorf split of Bavaria-Landshut (younger line).
1401: Palatinate split up into the lines of Heidelberg, Sulzbach, Neuburg.
1403: Lower Styria inherited by Bavaria-Ingolstadt (older line).
1413: Bavaria-Ingolstadt (older line) inherited by Palatinate-Neuburg.
1422: Palatinate-Sulzbach inherited by Palatinate-Neuburg.
1458: Bavaria split into Palatinate-Neuburg (younger line), Bavaria-Munich (younger line), Bavaria-Ingolstadt (younger line) and Lower Styria again.
1487: Bavaria-Landshut (younger line) inherited by Bavaria-Straubing (younger line).
1489: Palatinate-Simmern split of Palatinate-Heidelberg.
1490: Bavaria-Straubing (younger line) inherited by Bavaria-Munich (younger line).
1493: Bavaria-Ingolstadt (younger line) inherited by Bavaria-Munich (younger line).
1515: Upper Bavaria inherited by Bavaria-Deggendorf (younger line).
1537: Bavaria-Deggendorf (younger line) inherited by Palatinate-Neuburg (younger line), which becomes the main line.
1544: Lower Styria inherited by Austria (by contract, which also gave Salzburg to Bavaria).
1567: Palatinate-Simmern inherited by Palatinate-Heidelberg.
1578: Salzburg split of main Bavaria.
1638: Salzburg inherited by main Bavaria.
1674: Ludwig XVII of Palatinate-Heidelberg dies. His grandson, the heir, is only twelve years old.
1735: Line of Palatinate-Heidelberg dies out.
1765: Franz II dies without male heir in direct line, names the last successor of the daugther of his great-great-grandfather Konrad XI new duke.

--

Counts of Württemberg:

Ulrich II (*1254) 1265-79
Eberhard I (*1265) 1279-1325
Ulrich III (*1290) 1325-48
Ulrich IV (*1319) 1348-55
Ulrich V (*1346) 1355-92
Eberhard II (*1350) 1355-98
Ulrich VI (*1370) 1392-1420
Eberhard III (*1373) 1392-1450
Eberhard IV (*1375) 1398-1424
Ulrich VII (*1379) 1398-1439
Ulrich VIII (*1399, U6) 1420-36
Eberhard V (*1404, E4) 1424-80
Ulrich IX (*1431, U8) 1436-56 (+1488)
Ulrich X (*1428, U7) 1439-64
Eberhard VI (*1430, E) 1450-64
Ludwig I (*1457, U10) 1464-1503
Eberhard VII (*1461, E6) 1464-95
Ludwig II (*1485, L1) 1503-30
Ludwig III (*1512) 1530-58
Eberhard (*1514 +1565)
Eberhard (*1544 +1630)
Eberhard (*1576) -> Eberhard VIII
Ulrich (*1517 +1569)
Ulrich (*1548 +1629)
Ludwig IV (*1540) 1558-1620
Eberhard (*1544 +1589)
(Karl (*1573 +1604))
Karl (*1603 +1650)
Karl (*1631 +1682) -> Karl I
Eberhard VIII 1620-49
(Eberhard (*1610 +1639))
Eberhard IX (*1641) 1649-71
Eberhard (*1668) -> Eberhard X
Ludwig (*1670) -> Ludwig V
Karl I 1649-82
Karl II (*1666 +1757) 1682-94
Eberhard X 1694-1747
Ludwig V 1694-1727
Ludwig VI (*1696) 1727-72
Eberhard XI (*1701) 1727-71
Eberhard XII (*1696) 1747-49
Eberhard XIII (*1734) 1749-1800
Ludwig VII (*1728) 1772-1801
Ludwig VIII (*1759) 1801-16
End of state, united with Hungary

Important events:
1355: Double reign starts.
1392/98: Double reign extended to triple/quadruple reign.
1456: Ulrich IX removed from power for incompetence.
1480: Eberhard V, last descendant of Eberhard IV dies.
1485-95: Internal division into Württemberg-Stuttgart and Württemberg-Urach
1495: Ludwig I takes all power for himself, introduces primogeniture, making Württemberg a duchy
1511: Ludwig II inherits Styria, Carinthia and the titular rights for Austria
1515/46: Last descendants of Ulrich VI die.
1620: After the death of Ludwig IV, instead of his incompetent grandson Karl, his 2nd grade nephew Eberhard becomes new duke. He makes Württemberg a Grand Duchy.
1653/79: Last descendants of Eberhard III die.
1694: Karl II deposed, Eberhard X (his father is counted as Eberhard IX, although he never officially reigned) becomes new grand duke, together with his brother Ludwig V.
1772?: Württemberg becomes part of Helvetian republic, ducal family flees to Austria

--

Margraves of Brandenburg:
Otto IV (*1238) 1295-1309
Waldemar I (*1279) 1309-28
Heinrich II (*1307) 1328-80
Otto V (*1338) 1380-1410
Heinrich III (*1370) 1410-23
Otto VI (*1400) 1423-28 +1465
Otto VII 1428-60
Otto VIII (*1437) 1460-1500
Otto IX (*1470) 1500-07
Waldemar II (*1482) 1507-27
Waldemar III (*1505) 1527-41
Waldemar "Plutarch" IV (*1529) 1541-78
Waldemar "Cicero" V (*1560) 1578-1647
Heinrich IV (*1627) 1647-80

1680-1701: Collegial government of Sweden, Prussia and (1681 and since 1694) Franconia-Pomerania

Heinrich V (*1683) 1701-54
Albrecht IV (*1709) 1754-84 +1792

Important events:
1428: Otto VI deposed and replaced by his 3rd grade cousin who becomes Otto VII.
1507: After the death of (very bad) Otto IX, Waldemar II reigns instead of his nephews. "Golden Age" of Brandenburg starts (until 1680).
1511: Waldemar II inherits South Silesia by the Przemyslids.

--

Counts of Savoy:
Amadeus / Amedeo V "the Great" 1285-1323
Edward / Edoardo (*1272) 1323-50
Amadeus / Amedeo VI (*1300) 1350-54
Peter / Pietro III (*1329) 1354-1401
Thomas / Tommaso III (*1361) 1401-32
Thomas / Tommaso IV (*1392) 1432-68
Thomas / Tommaso V (*1449) 1468-80
Thomas / Tommaso VI (*1475) 1480-1506
Amadeus / Amedeo VII (*1463) 1482-1514
Humbert / Umberto IV (*1492) 1514-46
Philip / Filippo II (*1526) 1546-1603
Philip / Filippo (*1559 +1588)
Philip / Filippo III (*1589) 1603-31
Philip / Filippo IV (*1620) 1631-64
Philibert / Filiberto (*1627 +1653)
Philibert / Filiberto I (*1652) 1664-1705
Philibert / Filiberto II (*1681) 1705-13
Philibert / Filiberto III (*1706) 1713-79
Philibert / Filiberto (*1731 +1781)

--

Dukes of Pomerania:

Barnim I Dobry 1220-78
Barnim II (*1260) 1278-1341
Otto I (*1292) 1341-69
Kasimir III (*1323) 1369-79 (+1410)
Bogislav VI (*1326) 1369-85
Otto II (*1330) 1369-77
Svietobor I (*1355) 1385-88 (+1409)
Barnim III (*1361) 1388-1440
Georg I (*1394) 1440-69
Georg II (*1425) 1469-71
Barnim IV (*1453) 1471-99

Pomerania-Stettin:
Barnim V (*1480) 1499-1557
Barnim VI (*1514) 1557-62

Pomerania-Wolgast:
Joachim I (*1482) 1499-1559
Joachim (II) (*1517 +1544)

--
Landgraves of Hesse:

Heinrich I 1247-1310
Johann I (*1271) 1310/11
Herrmann II (*1302) 1311-50

Niederhessen:
Herrmann III (*1336) 1350-1411

Oberhessen:
Heinrich II (*1339) 1350-71
Otto I (*1370) 1363-1402
Otto II (*1396) 1402/11-22
Karl -> Hungary

Heinrich III (*1421) 1422-74
Karl I (*1453) 1474-1526
Karl II (*1487) 1526-61

Niederhessen:
Karl III (*1518) 1561-64
Otto III (*1549) 1564/80-1604

Oberhessen:
Heinrich IV (*1522) 1561-80

Philipp I (*1580) 1604-58

Niederhessen:
Philipp II (*1609) 1658-63

Oberhessen:
Otto (*1612 +1638)

Otto IV (*1637) 1658/63-86
Philipp III (*1667) 1686-1722

Otto V (*1700) 1722-78
Philipp IV (*1704) 1722-79
Philipp V (*1732) 1779-84 +1802

1347-1411, 1561-80, 1658-63: Division into Nieder- and Oberhessen
1432: Karl, younger brother of Otto II, elected king of Hungary

--

Counts of Nassau:
Walram II 1251-1276
Adolf I (*1250?) 1276-1330
RupVII (*1282) 1330-57
Adolf II (*1315) 1357-66
Walram III (*1343) 1366-94
Adolf III (*1346) 1394-1419
Kraft I (*1377) 1419-25
Adolf IV (*1406) 1425-51
Kraft II (*1434) 1451-1510
Kraft III (*1464) 1510-32
Kraft IV (*1496) 1532-45
Engelbert I (*1525) 1545-73
Engelbert II (*1556) 1573-1623
Ignaz I (*1585) 1623-49
Ignaz II (*1616) 1649-89
Ignaz III (*1648) 1689-1703
Ignaz IV (*1679) 1703-34
Adolf Ignaz I (*1712) 1734-77 (+1797)
Adolf Ignaz II (*1756) 1777-1830

--
Konrad IV
Burgraves of Hohenzollern:
Friedrich III (*~1220) 1261-1297
Johann I (*1279) 1297-1335
Friedrich (*1285 +1360)
Johann (*1317 +1363)
Friedrich -> Friedrich V
Friedrich IV (*1308) 1335-96
Friedrich V (*1346) 1396-1429
Johann II (*1388) 1429-61

Ansbach:
Johann III (*1417) 1461-69
Friedrich VI (*1447) 1469-1503
Johann (*1452) -> Johann V
Johann VI (*1479) 1503-51
Friedrich (*1482 +1529)
Johann -> Johann VII

Bayreuth:
Friedrich (*1421 +1455)
Johann IV (*1450) 1461-94
Johann V 1494-1531

Johann VII (*1513) 1531/51-86
Friedrich VII (*1545) 1586-1633
Johann VIII (*1580) 1633-56

Pomerania:
Friedrich VIII (*1587) 1633-42

United again:
Johann IX (*1619) 1656-81

1681-94: Collegial government of Sweden, Prussia

Friedrich IX (*1660) 1694-1739
Johann Friedrich (*1724) 1739-73
Friedrich Johann (*1752) 1773-93 (+1804)

--

Counts / Dukes of Jülich(-Berg):
Wilhelm IV 1219-78
Walram I 1278-97
Wilhelm VI (*1267) 1297-1349
Gerhard VII (*1298) 1349-68
Walram II (*1327) 1349-83
Adolf I (*1355) 1383-1409
Adolf II (*1386) 1409-75
Adolf III (*1418) 1475-77
Adolf IV (*1447) 1477-1506
Walram III (*1475) 1506-53
Wilhelm VII (*1502) 1553-76
Engelbert I (*1505) 1553-60
Eduard I (*1509) 1553-83
Reinald I (*1528) 1553-81
Walram IV (*1533) 1560-94
Reinald II (*1559) 1581-1603
Walram V (*1561) 1594
Engelbert II (*1564) 1594-99
Walram VI (*1592) 1603-51
Engelbert III (*1593) 1603-22
Engelbert IV (*1620) 1622-38 (+1693)
Walram VII (*1618) 1651-62
Karl (Engelbert) (*1625) 1651-77
Franz I (*1657) 1677-1711
Franz II (*1691) 1711-50

Franz III (*1723) 1750-73
Franz IV (*1754 +1799) 1773-84

--

Counts of Berg:
Adolf V 1259-96
Wilhelm I 1296-1308
Adolf VI 1308-51
Gerhard I (*1305) 1351-76
end of state, united with Jülich

--

Dukes / electors of Saxony-Wittenberg:
Albrecht II (*~1250) 1261-98
Johann I (*1277) 1298-1330
Albrecht III (*1281) 1298-1358
Albrecht IV (*1306) 1330-93
Erich I (*1310) 1330-71
Johann II (*1309) 1358-66
Johann III (*1337) 1366-1404
Albrecht V (*1340) 1366-89
Erich II (*1368) 1404-17
Johann IV (*1372) 1404-17
Erich III (*1399) 1417-30 (+1466)
Johann V (*1403) 1417-38
Heinrich I (*1432) 1438-83
Heinrich II (*1461) 1483-1543
Heinrich III (*1492) 1543-78
Heinrich IV (*1544) 1578-1619
Heinrich V (*1573) 1619-41
Heinrich VI (*1601) 1641-48
Magnus (*1606) 1648-85
end of state, reunited with Brandenburg-Silesia

Dukes of Saxony-Lauenburg:
Johann I (*1247) 1261-86
Albrecht I (*1273) 1286-1314
end of state, reunited with Saxony-Wittenberg

1381: Roman king Albrecht of Saxony has to resign.
1423-30: Erich III tries to get rid of his brother Johann V, until he's exiled in 1430. Otto VI of Brandenburg is also involved in a bad way.


--

Count Palatines of Saxony:
Heinrich III 1242-1265
Albrecht II 1265-1314
Diezmann I (*1283) 1314-37
Friedrich IV 1337-46
Albrecht III (*1302) 1346-81
Albrecht IV (*1336) 1381-89
Diezmann IV 1389-1403
(see below)

Margraves of Meissen, Lower Lusatia:
Heinrich III 1221-1288
Albrecht II (*1240) 1288-1314
Diezmann (*1264 +1289)
Diezmann -> Diezmann I, Friedrich -> Friedrich V, Konrad -> Konrad III
Friedrich V (*1285) 1314-35
Konrad III (*1288) 1314-32
Friedrich IV 1335-46
Diezmann II 1346-57
Friedrich VI (*1327) 1357-74
Diezmann IV (*1355) 1374-1403
Friedrich IX (*1384) 1403-61
Diezmann VII (*1416) 1461-95
Diezmann (*1444 +1493)
Sigismund (*1451) 1495-98
Friedrich XIV (*1447) 1495-1526

Margraves of Thuringia:
Heinrich III 1242-1265
Albrecht II 1265-1314
Friedrich IV (*1260) 1314-1346
Diezmann II (*1299) 1346-57
Diezmann III (*1332) 1357-1408
Friedrich X (*1364) 1408-45

Thuringia-Weimar:
Friedrich (*1396 +1427)
Friedrich XII (*1426) 1445-1512
Diezmann (*1459 +1505)
Diezmann IX (*1493) 1512-40
Georg I (*1524) 1540-1611
Georg (*1556 +1603)
Georg II (*1587) 1611-32
Georg III (*1618) 1632-1692
Georg IV (*1650) 1692-99
Georg V (*1681) 1699-1750
Georg (*1720 +1750)

Thuringia-Altenburg:
Diezmann V (*1400) 1445
Diezmann VI (*1429) 1445-79
Diezmann VIII (*1457) 1479-1546
Friedrich XVI (*1494) 1546-80
Friedrich XVII (*1533) 1580-1622
end of state, inherited by Weimar

Thuringia-Coburg:
Albrecht (*1403 +1427)
Friedrich XIII (*1461) 1479-1500
Friedrich XV (*1495) 1500-1589
end of state, inherited by Altenburg

Margraves of Mark Landsberg, Osterland:
Dietrich IV (*1242) 1265-86
Friedrich III (*1268) 1286-1319
Dietrich V (*1293) 1319

Mark Landsberg:
Dietrich VI (*1315) 1319-61
Friedrich VII (*1343) 1361-92

Osterland:
Balthasar I (*1318) 1319-84

(inseparable
Dietrich VII (*1363) 1392-1437
Friedrich VIII (*1366) 1392-1442
Dietrich IX (*1395) 1442-44
Dietrich X (*1424) 1444-1506
Wilhelm I (*1399) 1442-73
Balthasar IV (*1406) 1442
Balthasar V (*1431) 1442-81
Dietrich XI (*1460) 1481-1521
Dietrich XII (*1492) 1521-65 -> continue below
Balthasar VI (*1497) 1521-53
Balthasar (*1526 +1587)
Albrecht (*1556 +1590)
Balthasar (*1584 +1619)
Balthasar -> Balthasar VII
Dietrich (*1588 +1635)
Dietrich (*1623 +1654)
Dietrich (*1528 +1554)
Albrecht (*1531 +1618)
Ernst (*1534 +1613)
Ernst (*1566 +1628)
Ernst (*1597 +1669)
Ernst (*1627 +1651)
Balthasar (*1652 +1714)
Ernst (*1687 +1778)

Otto IV (*1463) 1481-1506
Otto V (*1496) 1506-30
Balthasar II (*1368) 1392-1423
Otto III (*1371) 1392-1420

united again:
Dietrich XIII (*1523) 1565-70
Dietrich XIV (*1552) 1570-1627
Dietrich XV (*1589) 1627-43
Balthasar VII (*1620) 1643-55
Balthasar VIII (*1649) 1655-1723
Balthasar IX (*1680) 1723-61
Balthasar X (*1713) 1761-68
Balthasar XI (*1745) 1768-86


Important events:
1265: Wettin lands divided between Heinrich III, Albrecht II "the Degenerate" and Dietrich IV.
1273: No third son for Heinrich III.
1288: Margraves of Meissen goes to Albrecht II, Lower Lausatia to Friedrich III.
1306: Lower Lusatia lost to Brandenburg.
1335/37: Most Wettin lands united by Friedrich IV.
1357: Meissen and Thuringia seperated between Diezmann III and Friedrich VI.
1392: Division / co-government of Mark Landsberg / Osterland. Leading to increasing chaos since 1437/42/44.
1445: Division of Thuringia into the lines of Weimar, Altenburg and Coburg.
1526: Mark of Meissen and Saxon Palatinate inherited by Thuringia-Weimar.
1529: Dietrich XII introduces primogeniture for Mark Landsberg, Osterland.
1589: Thuringia-Coburg inherited by Altenburg.
1622: Thuringia-Altenburg inherited by Weimar.
1643: Line of Balthasar comes to power in Mark Landsberg / Osterland
1750: Thuringian line dies out, inherited by Balthasar IX ("lucky bastard")

--

Dukes of Mecklenburg: (Obotrites dynasty)
Albrecht II the Great (*1318) 1329-77
Heinrich III (*1339) 1377-87
Albrecht III (*1341) 1377/78 +1393
Albrecht IV (*1362) 1387-1415
Heinrich IV (*1385) 1415-44
Albrecht V (*1411) 1444-68

Stargard sideline:
Johann I 1329-90
Johann II (*1338) 1390-98
Ulrich I (*1340) 1390-1416
Albrecht I (*1343) 1390-92
Ulrich II (*1396) 1416-25
Albrecht II (*1399) 1416-57
Ulrich III (*1421) 1425-78
Albrecht III (*1424) 1425-60
Albrecht IV (*1424) 1457/58
Ulrich IV (*1428) 1457-76
Albrecht V (*1453) 1460-98
Magnus I (*1455) 1476-1532
Magnus II (*1486) 1532-42
Magnus III (*1514) 1542-92
Albrecht VI (*1519) 1542-1601
Albrecht VII 1592-1600
continued under Sweden

Werle sideline:
Nikolaus II 1283-1316
Johann II 1316-37
Johann III 1316-50
Bernhard II (*1314) 1337-71
Johann IV (*1317) 1337-72
Nikolaus III (*1328) 1350-53
Johann V (*1338) 1371-78
Lorenz (*1342) 1372-89
Johann VI (*1365) 1378-99
Christoph (*1391) 1399-1453
Johann VII (*1418) 1453-1502
Albrecht VI (*1449) 1502-21

--

Dukes of Prussia
(Until 1522: Hochmeister)

Dietrich I 1522-65
Dietrich II 1565-70
Dietrich III 1570-1627
Dietrich IV 1627-43

Balthasar I 1643-55
Balthasar II 1655-1723
Balthasar III 1723-61
Balthasar IV 1761-68
Balthasar V 1768-86

Civil War 1786-94

end of state, conquest by Russia

--

 

[Max Sinister]

History of science in the first half of the 19th century:

General state of the art:

Western Europe: Railroad, photography, microphone, gas lighting, modern cement, sewing machine, bicycle, vulcanized rubber, hygiene in medicine invented. France makes progresses in archeology.

Russian lands: Many chemical elements discovered.

Islamic World: A Persian astronomer discovers Neptune.

India: Quite some new mathematical ideas in Kerala (again). Sorry for missing details.

China: After the first Ming emperor made China adapt state-of-the-art European technology, under his successors science stagnates again - a big problem, since the development in Europe is now going faster than ever.

--

And now a big retcon for West Africa (I just wanted some kingdoms gain the upper hand here, but then I simulated the whole history of conquest. If it's too long for you, just look at the map at the end of the post. MEJ should be happy - I guess there never wasn't that much AH about Africa, except Draka and Egypt):
Early 1700s: After the defeat of the Portuguese makes the waters of West Africa safer for Muslims ships, Songhay sends ships to the Kongo kingdoms, starting trade and cultural exchange.

1712: Joao de Gouveia, son of a fled Portuguese nobleman and his African mistress, becomes self-proclaimed king of the Ijaw people in the Niger delta.

1717: Sherbro people (coast of OTL Sierra Leone) united.

1721: Kingdom of Lomé (OTL Togo) established.

1722: Joao de Gouveia conquers the Ibibio people.

1724: Kingdom of Kamsar (OTL Guinea) established.

1727: Kingdom of Douala (OTL Cameroon) established.

1728: João de Gouveia killed, but he has a precedence set.

1730: Kingdom of Dida (OTL Ivory Coast) established.

1732: Kingdom of Ibo (OTL South Nigeria) established.

1733-36: Spain and Songhay fight a war. The Songhay have to fight with outdated weapons, but their numerical superiority and the hard climate give them victory. France also helps them with advisors and selling modern weapons.

1734: Kingdom of Sekondi-Takoradi (OTL Ghana) established.

1736: Kingdom of Bafatá (OTL Guinea-Bissau) established. Gouveia's kingdom falls apart, as the Ibibio people become independent.

1737: Raymundo Pires takes power of the Krou people (OTL SW Ivory Coast - he is half Krou), goes on conquering the Neyo, Bakwe and Godie people in the next years.

1738: Kingdom of Lomé extends north, along the Mono river.

1739: Sherbro kingdom attacks Portuguese stronghold on Bonthe. Portuguese ask Mende people north of Sherbro for help, who defeat the latter, but are thought by the Portuguese to become too dangerous themselves, so they support the Temne people, who'll fight the Mende.

1740: Ibibio people conquer the Ekoi.
Ewe kingdom of Abomey in OTL S Benin established.

1741: Kingdom of Yaoundé (OTL Cameroon) established.
José Damiano takes Accra, expands north, where he meets the resistance of the Ashanti.

1742: Kingdom of Labé (OTL Guinea) established.

1743: Kingdom of Igbira (OTL Nigeria) established. At the site where the Benue river meets Niger river, it becomes strategically very important.
Kingdom of Abe (OTL Ivory Coast) established, which soon also conquers the Akie.

1744: Abomey kingdom expands north, along Oueme river.

1745: Kingdom of Gbarnga (OTL Liberia) established.
Kingdom of Limba (OTL Sierra Leone) established.

1746: Raymundo Pires loses a border war against the Malinke people, after having conquered the We, who become independent again.
Kingdom of Sokodé (OTL Togo) established.
Temne-Mende war ends.

1747: After being theatened by Raymundo Pires, Gouro people make another adventurer king.
Kingdom of Agno (OTL Ivory Coast) established.
Igbira allies with Nupe against native Yoruba kingdoms.

1748: Kingdom of Tiv (OTL Nigeria, east of Igbira) established.
Raymundo Pires dies, non-Krou secede again.

1749: Kingdom of Ho (OTL Ghana, east bank of Volta river) established.
Abomey kingdom takes Savé.

1750: Kingdom of Baoule (OTL Ivory Coast) established.
Kingdom of Jukun (OTL Nigeria) established.

1751: Igbira attacked by Idoma, but can defend successfully.
Kingdom of Macenta (OTL Guinea) established.

1752: Idoma attack Igbira again, this time with the help of Igala, but again without success.
Kingdom of Suyani (OTL Ghana) established.

1753: Sokodé and Abomey kingdoms clash.
Kingdom of Ngaoundérè (OTL Cameroon) established.

1754: We defend against attack of Gbarnga.
Kingdom of Toura and Dan (OTL Ivory Coast) established.

1755: After allying with the kingdom of Tiv, Idoma and Igala beat Igbira, but leave after getting tribute paid.
Kingdom of Gwari (OTL Nigeria) established.

1756: Igbira kingdom builds the fortress of Lokoja, which controlls the place where the Benue river meets Niger river. Thus, Songhay is cut off from the sea and has to pay a toll.
Kingdom of Senoufo (OTL Ivory Coast) established.
Baoule clashes with Gouro.

1757: Igbira denies paying tribute, coalition of Tiv, Idoma and Igbala defeated before Lokoja.
Kingdom of Tamale (OTL Ghana) established.

1758: Kingdom of Koranko (OTL Sierra Leone) established.
Ashanti defeat against attack of Ho and Accra kingdoms, hold the line of Pra river.

1759: Igbira attacked by the coalition again, but defends with success.
Kingdom of Borim (OTL Nigeria) established.
Bete conquer Bakwe.

1760: Kingdom of Bertoua (OTL Cameroon) established.
Border clash of Labé with Songhay.

1761: Kingdom of Koulango (OTL Ivory Coast) established.
Malinke fight against Senoufo.
War between Yaounde and Douala.

1762: Kingdom of Bauchi (OTL Nigeria) established.
Akie (OTL Ivory Coast) conquered and divided between Abe and Agno.

1763: Igbira conquers Igala.
Kingdom of Garoua (OTL Cameroon) established.
Kingdom of Dioula (OTL Ivory Coast) established.

1764: Kingdom of Margi (OTL Nigeria) established.
Dida conquers Godie.
Songhay defeats Macente, forces them to pay tribute.

1765: Kingdom of Kono (OTL Sierra Leone) established.
Tiv conquer Bamenda (OTL Cameroon).

1766: Kingdom of Loba (OTL Ivory Coast) established.
Krou conquer Neyo again.
Malinke fight against Toura and Dan.

1767: Kingdom of Wa (OTL Ghana) established.
Baoule conquers Gouro.

1768: Kingdom of Kamberi (OTL Nigeria) established.
Igbira conquers their old enemy, Idoma.
Dida conquered by Abe.

1769: Kingdom of Maroua (OTL Cameroon) established.
Kono-Koranko War.

1770: Kingdom of Kanuri (OTL Nigeria) established.
Bafatá conquers Labé.
Ashanti defeat Sunyani, get tribute.

1771-73: Costly war between Malinke and Senoufo.

1772: Kingdom of Tenkodogo (OTL Burkina Faso) established.
Temne conquer Koranko.

1774: Yoruba make border war against Edo.

1775: Kingdom of Dedougou (OTL Burkina Faso) established.
Lomé conquers Sokodé.

1776: Temne conquer Kono.

1778: Baoule conquers Senoufo.

1781: Songhay conquers Gwari.

1782: Songhay attacks Igbira, besieges Lokoja. Idoma become independent again.

1783: Songhay retreats, when uprisings in other provinces begin.

1786: Igbira reconquers Idoma.

1788: Jukun and Songhay divide Bauchi.

1792: British troops land in Australia (OTL South Africa). They storm several cities and fortresses of the Söderlinger, but have to give them back after the end of the war.
Kamsar attacks Temne, but are beaten back.

1795-97: Yoruba make war against Igbira, but the latter again defend successfully. Uprisings of Idoma defeated.

1796: Temne conquer Limba.

1800: Dioula conquered by Baoule.

Early 1800s: Ashanti expand north, to Black Volta river.

1804: Igbira unite with Nupe.

1809: Wa conquer Loba.

1811: Ashanti conquer Sekondi-Takoradi.

1815: Igbira conquer Ibo.

1817: Baoule conquer Agno with Abe help.

1820: Ho conquered by Lomé.

1824: Igbira conquer Tiv, with help by Douala, which gets Bamenda.

1827: Baoule conquer Dida, get a harbor.

1831/32: Ashanti attack Accra, reduce it to the area around the capital.

1836: Douala conquers Yaoundé.

1839/40: Igbira conquer Gwari and Borim.

Legend of the map:
B. = Bafata
Tem. = Temne
Mal. = Malinke
Ash. = Ashanti
L. = Lomé
A. = Abomey
Yor. = Yoruba kingdoms
Kan. = Kanuri
Dou. = Douala

The thin green line marks the southern border of Songhay. The blue lands are under direct control of Portuguese traders (yes, mostly slave traders).

 

[Max Sinister]

@Mikey: Yes, why aren't the European powers more active in Africa? Until the Triple Monarchy of England-Castille-Portugal fell apart, it was their turf (to be specific: Portugal's turf); and until the anti-French War, it was still respected as Portugal's property. Since three major slaveholding powers (Spain, France, Italy) also had the possibility to enslave Arabs, they saw no need to conquer bigger parts of Africa alone for slaves. And why aren't they now more active? Let's see:

Russia: One of the strongest powers world-wide, but suffers under the fact that they don't have access to the Atlantic - the Swedes control the Sund, the Seljuks the Bosphorus. They're stronger in the Pacific, but given their adherence / admiration for China, this is where their main interest lies.

Germany: Until recently, split into weak states and under French domination. Had no time yet to engage in Africa.

France: Still a strong power on the continent, but lost its navy (marine officers were mostly noblemen - the old problem) during the revolution.

Spain: Under French domination; navy lost or fled to Morocco / Atlantis.

Britain: Got their ass whupped by the Imperial Roman navy during anti-British war. Now Britain is a republic too, and the royalist ships have fled to the Pacific.

New Rome: The third strong power in Europe, but they have other interests: Atlantis (traditionally), North Africa, and for trade, South Asia.

Sweden: Too weak. Happy to have Australia (that'S OTL South Africa).

German Atlantis and Argentinien, and Canada: Young powers, mostly continental.

And yes, the railroad is invented - but even Britain started building them in the 1830s only, so you can't expect them in 1840's Africa already.

The World, 1840-60:

Rest of the World:
Retcon:
1839: After king George I arrived in New Albion, his admiral Carleton swears to retake Britain for the monarchy. The admiral collects the British navy in the Pacific, goes to the North Sea, prepares for a strike against London.

1842: Temne conquer Macenta (OTL Guinea).

1847: Jukun have to pay tribute to Igbira.

1849: Potato crisis in Ireland. Many of them emigrate to Antipodia (OTL Australia), which population more than doubles in short time. Until then, the Irish already had the clear population majority in Antipodia's thinly settled North, South and West, and a smaller majority (60%) in the South-East, but now they clearly outnumber the English everywhere.

1850: Irish rebel in Antipodia, kick out the English, who only keep control of OTL Tasmania. The continent is renamed Tir Tairngire (non-Irish people prefer to speak of Tirland, however).

1851: Douala conquers Bertoua (both OTL Cameroon).

1854: Ashanti conquer Wa, Loba become shortly independent again.

1856: First Irish pope (named Patricius I, like all of them) elected in Antipodia. He announces that "a Time of Humbleness has come for the Holy Roman Catholic Church... now we will live and meditate in the desert, like the old patriarchs and eremits once did, until the day when God decides to smile upon us again". This marks the beginning of the Irish-Catholic church.

1858: Loba conquered by Baoule.

1859: Canadian president Jacob Andrews gives the remains of the British Pacific fleet a new home in Canada, thus gaining the core of a professional navy, which can even rival those of New Rome and Russia.

Western Europe:
1840: After having sailed to Swedish Helgoland, admiral Carleton strikes when the "divine wind" blows the right way. The completely surprised republican government has the workers of London armed to defend them.

1841: Second English revolution. After the defeat of the admiral, Socialist leader and former bartender Charles Pounder takes power in London, declares the "People's State of England".

1841-44: Second English Civil War. With the help of the rail workers, the Socialists gain the upper hand against monarchists and moderated republicans; many of the latter flee to Canada, of the former to New Albion (including the highest clerics, who soon decide to move with the pope to bigger Antipodia, however).
The land of the crown and the nobles is divided between the small peasants and land workers; in the cities, the workers take control of the factories. The Bank of England and other government offices are taken over by the Socialist leadership.

1846: Socialists overwhelm last resistors in Scotland, Wales and Ireland, adding them to their sphere of influence.

1847: Emperor Alessandro dies, having appointed the governor of Milan successor, who becomes emperor Benedetto.

1848: Charles Pounder sits over the first "all-British Round", the quasi-parliament. All the factions of Socialist Britain are represented here: The peasants, the workers, the artisans, the soldiers and sailors, the government workers, the pro-Socialist priests, and the teachers and doctors, the only intellectual professions.
During the next years, they give Socialist Britain a new constitution, introduce conscription as a part of the new "People's Army" and start government work.

1853: Emperor Benedetto dies. Some suspect the Russians behind it. Before his death, he appointed the governor of Turin new emperor Ludovico, who'll prove to be exceptionally competent.
After the end of the war, British factories can't sell arms anymore. Socialists triple the prices for many industrial products, to "let the monetarists bleed dry" (and live a better life). For short time, this works out, since Britain was the highest industrialized country of the world; but then, the other countries have learned enough to take up the British advance, built their own factories, and British exports plummet.

1857: Young Tom Liverpool (an orphan) invents a primitive telephone in Socialist Britain. He has to find out that he doesn't get very much for his invention, although the Socialist government uses it.

Eastern Europe:

1846: Bohemian crisis when Russia stations troops there. Germany, Sweden ally with New Rome against Russia.

1848-52: Allied Germanies, Sweden, Canada, Seljuks and New Rome fight Anti-Russian War. Although the population of the two Russias is higher than all its opponents combined, they soon face themselves in trouble: After their standing armies are defeated by their opponents armed with the modern needle guns, it takes a long time to arm, train and transport new soldiers to the front. Being cut off from imports, their soldiers are badly equipped. One century ago the Telegraph made Russia the most progressed nation on Earth, now the Chunkvophiles in the government who only think about stability can't handle a war against industrialized nations. Unrests among the peasants and the occupied nations (Poland, Choresm) finally tip the balance against Russia.
Socialist Britain sells arms to the allies, making a lot of money.

1852: In the peace of Constantinople, Prussia becomes German. Poland, Greater Bohemia and Hungary leave the Russian sphere of influence. Seljuks take Pontus and Thrace back. The thinly settled hinterland of Russian Atlantis goes to Canada (which gains access to the Pacific) and German Atlantis, the Great Desert (the lands between Snake river, Colorado river, Sierra Nevada and Rockies - about OTL Utah and Nevada) to New Rome. Finland and Estonia become Swedish again. In the following decades however, Poland, Bohemia and even Hungary will become German satellites, which is anything New Rome had planned...

1850s: After the humiliating defeat, Russia decides to modernize, building railroads and factories.

Atlantis:

1840: Gold Rush in Northern California. People from all parts of Northern and Central Atlantis try their luck - Spaniards, Russians, Germans, Italians, even English- and French-speaking Canadians, Mexica, other native Atlanteans, and run-away Arab and African slaves. The population of the area explodes from 50,000 (mostly Russians) to more than a quarter of a million. In fact, many Russian-settled lands in Atlantis are depopulated by the rush.

1841: Formerly Spanish California added to New Rome.

1843: Isthmus of Central Atlantis occupied by New Rome.

1845/46: Mexico conquered by New Rome, which now governs all of Atlantis except for Canada and the lands of the Germans and Russians.

1852: North California with its mixed population becomes independent, forming a buffer between Germany, Russia and New Rome.

1854: Canada founds Vancouver (same place as OTL), starts building a Pacific fleet.

Middle East:

Retcon:
1827: After committing a scandalous act, sultan Kay Khusrau XI is deposed by the Wali (prime minister) and beheaded. This act strengthens the Jumhuriya movement (which proposes an Islamic republic, and connects political Islam with Seljuk nationalism).

1840/41: Uprising of Orthodox Greeks in Pontus. South Russia interferes, takes the province. Nationalist-religious movement comes to power in Seljuk lands, ends the sultanate, makes life harder for minorities.

1840s: Many Jews of the Seljuk republic leave for the Sinai, where they can live under New Roman protection.

1847: Emperor Benedetto has the new state of Judea proclaimed, giving the Jews officially independence.

1851: Great uprising in Russian-occupied Choresm. The Southern army loses control over the biggest part of the country.

1853-58: Russians return to Choresm, defeat Muslim rebels. Their commander Pyotr "the Terrible" Nesterov has their irrigation structures destroyed, crippling Choresmian economy for indefinite time.

East Asia:

Retcon:
1792: Brits take Swedish Ceylon, as a revenge for Sweden fighting along France's side.

1841: China conquers Tungning (OTL Taiwan) back.

1842: The Himalaya states (Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim, Kashmir) accept China's authority again, after Tibet did so in 1829 already.

1850s: Uprisings in China (influenced by ideas brought in by Christian missionaries) get out of control. Fifth Ming emperor toppled.

1858: Pegu becomes a New Roman protectorate.

Stories:
I didn't forget it... [post=875197]here's an article about France[/post]!
For the Antipodians: About [post=915399]a little kingdom[/post]
[post=924762]Musings about (Russian) Atlantis[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

@Constantinople: The Catholic church *in the tradition of the old popes*, yes. However, OTOH reformation didn't split the church, but came gradually - during the 15th/16th century, the bible was translated, priests started preaching in common tongues, princes gained the power the appoint bishops and secularized the church's property. After 1700, even the doctrine could be changed by the kings and dukes, if they didn't go too far (see my example about Nippon, where the tenno became head of the Nipponese church). So, theoretically, all Christians in Western Europe are Catholic... but Catholicism looks very different in every country, and the Germans, Poles and Scandinavians have stopped caring about the pope long time ago. I'll work out more details after I conclude the TL.

The pope returned to Rome from Avignon for some time after 1694... but in between the French king managed to take him back to Avignon again (see retcon below)!

The New Roman Empire has the Imperial Catholic church, the emperor is the head of. No more pope there, although the old buildings in Rome are still used, and the Imperial Catholic church looks very much like the old one - which is why it was accepted by then population.

I'll make a map soon, probably after the update next week.

About the Greeks... I've given them some thought. But you won't like the result, probably.

@Communist Wizard: Thanks. The Socialists would certainly hope for it - but they have all the powers on the continent against them, esp. the Germans.


And here's the update, folks:
The World, 1860-80:
Atlantis:
Retcon:
Early 1800s: Anti-slavery movement starts to rise in German Atlantis, later spreads to Canada, even later to Argentinien.


1861: First Transatlantean railroad finished in German Atlantis.

1862: Tom Liverpool flees from Britain to Canada, settles in Kingsburgh, becoming one of the world's most famous inventors.

1870s: Anti-slavery movement takes influence on government in German Atlantis (and to some lesser extent in Canada). This will lead to detoriating relations to Guinea, Braseal and later even New Rome.

1870: Braseal (used by New Rome as an exile colony for all kinds of resistors - Italian republicans, French and Spanish monarchists and nationalists, Inca nobles, anti-Imperial Catholics and other Christian minorities, Arab and Berb resistors, ordinary criminals, separatists of all kinds, defeated Indians) rises against New Roman Empire. Emperor Ludovico decides to grant them independence, and they go in peace. Given the ethnic mix of Braseal (there are descendants of the original English, Welsh, Scottish and Irish settlers; of French, Spaniards, Italians, Portuguese, Catalanians, Basques and Bretons; of Arabs and Berbs, both slaves and free people; of Mexicans, Quechua and other native Atlanteans; of exiled Indians; and of black slaves of many different West African people), nobody expects anything but chaos to develop out of it. Indeed, the country falls into civil war; in the cities, the various ethnics street- and housefight each other, while on the countryside, every latifundia owner becomes a little king, and many slaves flee into the jungle.

1871: Germans in Argentinien construct "Der Zaun" (the Fence), a barbed wire fence along the border to Braseal, fearing that violence could swap over to them.

1873: A French man named Louis Philippe (in Braseal French: Lui Filip) in New London (later called Novolondon - OTL Salvador) who claims to be the heir of the French and Spanish royal families and can even present some of the (real!) French and Spanish crown jewels is declared king/emperor of Braseal, although his followers only control parts of the later capital.

1876: After defeating the Italian and Muslim bands of the capital, Lui Filip takes control of the whole province.

1880: Lui Filip controls one third of the coast of Braseal.


Western Europe:
Retcon:
1738: King Francois VI of France manages to smuggle pope Innocent from Rome to Avignon. The Italian king protests, but can't change it.

1841: Germany, Switzerland and the Netherlands form the Mitteleuropäischer Zollverein (Central European Custom Union), also making the German Thaler common currency. Later the MEZV is joined by Greater Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, who start to approximate Germany, if only for the fear of Russia.


1860s: Industrial revolution changes the face of continental Europe and North Atlantis. The products made soon exceed British wares in quality and price, although the Socialist government had to lower prices already.

1860/61: First French-Roman War. France has to cede Savoy and Nice to New Rome, let Andalusia and Portugal leave its sphere of influence. The Andalusians soon accept the charismatic Ludovico as emperor.

1870s: Socialist government restarts piracy to make up for the loss of money from exports. German, French, Canadian and New Roman ships are attacked and plundered. This leads to a great anti-Socialist sentiment in these states, especially in Germany, which makes advocates for a responsible welfare policy practically outcasts. Still, many workers join the Socialist cause.

1872-74: Second French-Roman War. All of Catalonia ceded to New Rome, Castille also changes into New Roman camp. Toledo declared Second Capital of New Roman Empire. Basque lands stay French.
In this war, Indian soldiers were used by New Rome for the first time in a European war.

1877: Emperor Ludovico has the Castillians attack the Portuguese republic, making it another New Roman satellite.

1879: In the Scandinavian elections, a coalition of Social Democrats, Socialists and left republicans gains the majority. Germany fears the Socialist threat, invades, topples the king and makes Scandinavia a satellite republic.


Eastern Europe:
1860: All literate peasants in Novorossiya owning land get the right to vote in elections. The countryside has a representation for the first time, after the country was dominated by the cities for centuries.

1864: After emperor Ludovico has met the Czar of South Russia and even married one of his daughters to a prince in Kiev, South Russia and New Rome ally against the Muslim powers, Persia and the Seljuk Jumhuriya.

1870s: The first Water Power Plants are built along Russia's mighty rivers.

1879: Novorossiya uses the opportunity to reclaim/-annex Finland and Estonia in Scandinavia.


East Asia:
Retcon:
1820s: King Gioacchino starts hiring Indian soldiers to improve control over his vast empire.

1842: British Ceylon becomes independent again, confident that the Brits won't return.


1859: Emperor Ludovico takes Ceylon, laying the foundation for his Indian empire.

1872-79: Novorossiya invades China, takes Peking, brings the north under its control. The rest of China is divided among warlords.

1874: Canadians land in Java, claim the Spice Islands.

1876-80: When Vijayanagar falls into Civil War, emperor Ludovico decides to interfere. Since the first contact 75 years ago, Italians have learned Indian languages, advised local rulers and trained Indians. Now they can use their knowledge to bring the land under their control, making half of India a New Roman protectorate. Indians who resist are shipped to Braseal. By playing out the various groups against each other, the Empire can keep "the most valuable jewel in the crown" under control. Over the decades, Indian soldiers are transplanted into other parts of the Empire.

1879: Canada allies with Hong China, slowly brings OTL Philippines under its control.


Muslim world:
Retcon:
1820s: An independence movement develops in rural Greece (supported by Russians, often via the Orthodox church). The cities, however, stay firmly in Seljuk hand - 250 years with a printing press have assimilated most of the upper and upper middle class.

1850s/60s: After the Russian defeat in the Anti-Russian War, Seljuks become harsh (bordering genocide) on the Greeks - hundreds of thousands, if not millions of Greeks are displaced from their villages and resettled by force in other parts of the empire, mostly central Anatolia. Many thousands of them die on their way, or resisting the better armed and organized Seljuks.


1860s: Shiite uprisings in Persia bring the Pashtun dynasty in trouble. On the map still a great power, people can see now that the Persian Shahdom has become hollow.

1865-69: With emperor Ludovico doing negotiations, the two Russias, New Rome, various Indian princes, European Germany and Judea ally to fight the Anti-Persian War. The Negev, Aqaba and Petra are ceded to the Jewish protectorate; Delhi, Syria, Lebanon, Somalia and Aden to New Rome; Madagascar and East Africa around the capital Zanzibar to the Germans; Azerbaijan, Kurdistan and North Persia to Russia. Palestine gets a special status; Hejaz and Oman become independent. Shiite Persia (+ Afghanistan, southern Mesopotamia) survives as a rump state.

1870s: In occupied Persia, the "New Assassins" (a zealot-like group of conspirators opposed to the christian powers) start to form.


Rest of the World:
1866: Canada takes control of Hawaii.

1867: Canadian ironclads easily destroy the weaker navy of New Albion, take control of most Pacific islands. Now New Albion (which kings still claim Britain and other lands in Europe and the rest of the world are rightfully theirs) is finally reduced to an insignificant, anachronistic kingdom at the end of the world.

1878: German-Atlantean anti-slavery activists take Arguim, a Portuguese slave trading post in Africa. One after another, the others fall too.

1880: Germany takes control of Swedish colonies in Australia.

New Stories:
[post=877723]Dangerous cults in India[/post]
[post=882584]About the reforms in Novorossiya[/post]
[post=929977]The "empty circle"[/post]
[post=952858]A movie overview[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

Seems your wish is my command (this time).

The World 1880-1900:

Muslim World:
1881-85: Anti-Seljuk War of New Rome and Russia. Cyprus, Cilicia, Greece go to New Rome, the whole North Coast (incl. Constantinople / Czargrad) to Russia. The last Muslim power has fallen.

1890s: While the ruling classes are squabbling who's fault it was that the Christians could defeat them, among their people the wish for a Mahdi (Messiah) spreads.

1895: New Roman troops pushing south from Egypt to secure the land are unable to defeat the Muslim partisans. Sudan is declared "chaos" officially.


Atlantis:
Retcon:
1863-68: New Roman Empire builds Nicaragua canal.


1881-84: "The Northern War" ("La Gera d'Nor"): After having consolidated his rule, Lui Filip has the northern cities of Braseal attacked.

1884: Stefor (old Stafford City, OTL Recife) falls.

1885: New Rome and royal Braseal (now pronounced French: Bruh-SAY-uhl) make a contract about their common border after the end of Northern War.

1886-88: "The Southern War" ("La Gera d'Su"): Southern Braseal conquered by Lui Filip; the country is unified.

1894: Gold Rush in Braseal. Many people from Roman-controlled France and Iberia flee to the country. Many Germans immigrate, help create the new industry in the southern part of the country.

1897: Lui Filip of Braseal dies. Not having made a law of succession, people are disunited about who should become next monarch: His eldest child, princess Mari Isabel, or his eldest son Migel?

1897-1900: Civil War in Braseal (more often called "Slavery War"). The Southern provinces under Princess Mari Isabel, more German-influenced and industrialized, fight for an end of slavery, the northern provinces under prince Migel for keeping it. (German newspapers use to depict prince Migel as a human monster, describing him as icecold-hearted and merciless.)

1890s: New Roman linguists study the development of Braseal French (which has influences from many different languages and is very simplified - many claim that it could be called a distant variant of Occitan, Catalan, Italian or Spanish as well). The Empire uses their new insights to play out one Gaulish (the Empire proclaims that since the French are descended from the Gauls, there's no reason why they should name themselves after a German tribe) group against the other, creating many different, mutually unintelligible dialects in the place of the republic's unified French language.


Western Europe:
Retcon:
1827: After the Rhenish War, France has to give Western and Eastern Frisia independence. Frisia becomes part of Germany and a refugium for Dutch nationalists fleeing from the French. In 1840, Frisia becomes part of the Netherlands again after they become independent.

1863: One Monteleone prince of the royal Spanish family (who was imprisoned after the New Roman conquest of Morocco) accepts emperor Ludovico's offer to become new king of Andalusia.

1875: After Castille was lost by the French, the king of Andalusia becomes new king of Castille; the kingdom of Andalusia goes to the oldest son of former emperor Benedetto. Catalonia, however, becomes another kingdom under emperor Ludovico's eldest son, as a kind of training ground for him. His father advises him to build up the Catalonian identity in contrast to Castille and France.

1878: After its conquest by Castille/New Rome, Portugal becomes a kingdom under another Monteleone prince.


1882: Socialist uprisings in the industrial cities of Bohemia and Hungary, which soon spread to Vienna in Austria. Germany interferes again, makes Bohemia and Hungary full satellites.

1886/87: Third French-Roman War. Basque lands, Asturia (which become two grand duchies), Occitania (which is added to the kingdom of Catalonia) go to New Rome. French military reduced to 100,000 men standing.

1889/90: Socialists take power in Paris and other industrial cities of the French republic. Weak French military unable to suppress them. Germany and New Rome ally against them, invade France. Germany, Switzerland and the Netherlands make a military alliance that will last even after the war. Burgundy and Wallonia become a German satellite (called Lothringen, which also joins the Mitteleuropäischer Zollverein), Brittany and Aquitaine become independent grand duchies (de facto New Roman satellites), New Rome may station troops in rest-France. Paris declared Third City of New Roman Empire.
People in Germany and New Rome now hope for peace after so many wars and uprisings in the last seventy years, and emperor Ludovico and German chancellor Hornung proclaim "everlasting peace in Europe".

(Hendryk must hate me... I've killed off three promising Chinese dynasties so far, mangled the French language in Braseal, and now France itself has disappeared on the map...)

1880s: Scandinavian, French and German Socialists arrive in Britain, bringing them valuable knowledge about new inventions, industrial innovations, thus rekindling the wrecked British industry.

1890: In London, the "House of Tomorrow" is founded. Essentially a technical university (although this old-fashioned term is avoided in Socialist Britain), it forms the center (in fact, the only place of importance) of British research. The Round decides that the HoT should research "how things can be done the best way", which is then to be implemented in the factories and on the acres of the country.

1892: Second modern Olympic Games in Rome.


East Asia:
Retcon:
Second half of 19th century: The "Society of Brotherly Love" (influenced by Russian Orthodox missionaries) rages throughout China, trying to build a milleniarist kingdom, causing havoc everywhere. Many Chinese flee from China, as far as Atlantis or Antipodia.

1867: Hong China takes Tungning (OTL Taiwan) and Hainan, lands troops in the South of China. The mainland Chinese don't want the old dynasty back, however.


1880-94: Starting in the province of Anhui, a Chinese general starts to reunite the country and defeat the Society of Brotherly Love. He contacts New Rome and Germany, hoping to find allies, and finally decides for Germany, who send advisors to build up China's industry. For this influence, he also decides to make China a republic. Lacking a strong navy, Taiwan stays out of his reach, however; and worse, the Russians are too strong to let him take Peking either.

1883: Canada takes the sultanate of Melaka, storms the fortress of Fort Knox.

1888: Canada makes a pact with Thailand.

1890: New Rome conquers Bengal, uniting the whole Indian subcontinent for the first time in centuries.

1892: Canada conquers Champa (OTL South Vietnam).

1899: Canada forces Khmer king to accept Canadian protectorate.


Rest of the world:
1884: Gold Rush in Australia (OTL South Africa). Many Germans, Swiss and Dutch come to the country, definitely changing the ethnic makeup of the country's white population, which was until then Swedish-dominated.

1887: Atlantean Germans who conquered Guinea, proclaim the country "Liberia" (or German: Liberien), start to invite liberated slaves there.

1892-99: Germans take control of the Congo kingdoms.

1896: Gold Rush in Antipodia / Tir Tairngire (OTL Australia). The pope decides that the money donated to the church (10% of all founds, plus additional givings by the government and other sources of income) is to be used to adorn the country's churches (like the famous Golden Cathedral of New Dublin, OTL Sydney) and missionarizing in Africa, Asia and later even other parts of the world. The "time of humbleness" certainly has ended.


Eastern Europe:
1883: Novorossiya finishes first transcontinental railroad in Eurasia.

1888: Emperor Ludovico hosts the first modern Olympic Games in Athens.

1891: Gold Rush in Lena Valley.

1896: Third modern Olympic Games in Kiev.


We've reached 1900! Just one more century or so to go... map will follow this sunday...

Stories:
[post=887413]A Gold Rush story[/post]
[post=919726]A visit in Suez[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

Second half of the 19th century - science, summary and a map of Europe

History of science in the second half of the 19th century:

General state of the art:

Western Europe: Photographic film, movies, telephone, cars, airships, airplanes invented. In New Rome, many new weapons are developed, up to machine guns. Completely unrelated, they also invent psychoanalysis. And in Socialist Britain, a kind of computer specialized in codebreaking is invented.

Russian lands: Lightbulb, neon light invented.

Islamic World: The anti-Persian War sees the last genuine Islamic invention: Modern balloons, used for transporting messages, observations and scientific experiments in war.

India: Finally, the highly developed mathematics of the Kerala school find their way via New Rome into Europe.

China: The Industrial Revolution now made its way into China too, albeit slowly.

Read [post=907580]about a predecessor of the computer here[/post]!

--

Retcon for Africa:

1872: Songhay empire falls apart in a Civil War.

1882: Germans make the Bafata kingdom (OTL W Guinea) a German protectorate. Until the end of the century, the same will happen to the other coastal West African states. The Germans introduce some new crops, fight slavery, spread christianity and start trade - industrial products for exotic goods.

1889: First successful expedition from the African west to the East coast via the Congo jungle.

1891-94: War against the Temne, who fight back aggressively.

1896: Germans bring the fortress of Igbira under control, with the help of some bribe-influenced treachery.

--

Summary:

Atlantis: Russia restricted to a few coastal places and Alyeska. Northern California becomes independent after the Gold Rush. Braseal also gains independence from New Rome

Europe: New Rome conquers first the Iberian peninsula and later most of France, creating a few new kingdoms. Germany gains Prussia, Lothringen and adds Poland, Bohemia, Hungary and later Scandinavia to its sphere of influence. Socialists try to make revolutions on the continent, but are defeated by German troops.

Russian lands: After losing the anti-Russian War, Russia reforms. Later they expand into China, Central Asia, make the Black Sea a Russian lake.

Muslim world: The remaining Muslim powers of Choresm, Persia and the Seljuk republic are crushed by the great powers.

East Asia: Ming dynasty falls when the growing population joins the Orthodox-influenced "Society of brotherly love", until a general restores order. India becomes dependent on the New Roman Empire. Canada expands its influence in SE Asia.

Rest of the world: Germany makes most of sub-saharan Africa its protectorate, starting with Guinea, Zanzibar and Australia (OTL South Africa).


Just one more century left... and since science is progressed further than IOTL, the TL will end some years before 2000 actually. You'll get the following events in blocks of ten years, plus one for the last few years.

Edit: And here's the promised map (for Europe, ignore Africa and Asia for now)! Germany's in browns, Florence / Italy / New Rome in greens, South Russia in blues, and Novorossiya in grey/black. The numbers show when which land became part of the respective state. (Note that for Florence, the numbers indicate "until 1400 / 1500 / 1600 / 1650". I wasn't mad enough to draw every little change.) World map will follow this week too.

 

[Max Sinister]

@Constantinople: Russia is very different, with too many differences to describe. One can say though, it's refreshingly un-despotic (even Czarist South Russia), responsible for diverse scientific progresses (most important: The telegraph, of course, then starting the Communication Revolution) and culturally quite a bit Chinese-influenced (before 1850 more than now, however).
I didn't think that much about the ethnic makeup of Greece; but we can assume that the Seljuks (including Seljukized Greeks) had to leave the country after its liberation.
Germany is republican since the French invaded end of 18th century, and it never changed back to monarchy.
The Ukraine is controlled by Rurikid South Russia since centuries ago.
At the moment, the two Russias happily co-exist. Radical republicans in Novorossiya and monarchists in South Russia exist, but are a minority that isn't taken seriously.
@pompejus: Thx. The map for Europe's already here; but now, you also get a map for the world, showing the growth of Germany (browns), Novorossiya (blues), New Rome (greens) and Canada (reds). (Note that there's no year for when Korea became Russian; it gradually became a Russian protectorate.)

And if you thought the TL was good until now, you haven't seen the best things yet... now that we're in the 20th century, I feel like having returned to my home turf...


But first a retcon: More Catastrophes for the TL

1707: 30,000 Nipponese killed by Tokaido-Nankaido tsunami.

1737: Calcutta cyclone.

1780: Great Hurricane of the Caribbean. More than 20,000 people die.

1782: Tsunami in the South China Sea kills ~40,000.

1792: Mt Unzen in Nippon erupts, killing several thousand people - the deadliest eruption in Nippon's history.

1824: Flood at the area of OTL Leningrad, kills many people in the cities there which I didn't work out.

1825: Flood around Hamburg. Water measured to be about five meters higher than usual.

1826: More than 20,000 killed in Nippon by Tsunami.

1839: Cyclone in Coringa, India. 300,000 dead.

1857: Earthquake in Southern California (OTL Fort Tejon), maybe the strongest earthquake of history in the region.
Another earthquake in Naples.

1864: Calcutta cyclone, 60,000 victims.

1868: Over 25,000 people killed in New Roman Chile by Tsunami.

1872: Earthquake in OTL Owens Valley.

1876, October 31st: Bakarganj Cyclone in India - more than 200,000 dead.

1881: Cyclone in Haiphong, Vietnam. 300,000 dead.

1883: Krakatoa explosion.

1886: Earthquake in OTL Charleston.

1887: Huang He flood. One million (possibly more) victims.


Other retcons:

1694: In the peace of Amsterdam, Prince-Haralds-Land (OTL Newfoundland) is ceded by Denmark-Braunschweig to England. (Forgot this to mention.)

1779: After their division of Vladimir-Suzdal, the two Russias make an "everlasting pact".

1859: Canadian president Jacob Andrews gives the remains of the British Pacific fleet a new home in Canada, thus gaining the core of a professional navy, which can even rival those of New Rome and Russia. *This also means Canada can successfully claim British islands in the Pacific - including New Caribbea (OTL New Guinea).*

1874: The German population of Argentinien has grown enough that the country gains self-government.


The anti-Russian War detailed:

(It can be generally said, since the coalition powers didn't have a united command, that New Rome and the Seljuks did the fighting against South Russia and its Orthodox Balkan allies, while everyone else fought mainly against Novorossiya.)

1848, July: The coalition of New Rome, the two Germanies, the Seljuks, Sweden and Canada declares war, invades Poland, Bohemia and Hungary.

1848, August: German-Swedish navies defeat Novorossiyan Baltic fleet.
At OTL Grand Tetons, the first of many battles between Germans and Russians in Atlantis happens.

1848, September: New Roman spies infiltrate the "empty quarter", i.e. the area between Rockies and Sierra Nevada, Snake river and Colorado river, which Novorossiya claims. In practice, the area is home for a lot of communities - surviving Atlantean nations, sects, fled slaves and so on.
Swedish troops land at Oulu, start liberation of Finland.

1848, October: Germans have conquered all of Bohemia and Moravia, except for the Russian garrison of Prague.

1848, November: In the cavalry battle of Nagykörös, New Romans defeat the Russians. Hungary west of the Danube is liberated.

1848, December: Seljuks march into Pontic lands occupied by South Russia.

Winter of 1848/49: Northern Finland liberated.

1849, January: Canadian skiing troops score their first major victory against Russian near OTL Fairweather Lake.

1849, March: Bratislava conquered by Germans and Czechs. Germans in Herzogsberg (OTL Königsberg) rise up against Russia.

1849, April: Battle of Inowroclaw; with the help of uprising Poles, Germans throw Russian occupation army behind the Vistula.
In the battle of Medjugorje, the Serbs and Bosnians can stop the New Romans, using the difficult territory for their advantage. Emperor Benedetto decides to rather seek for the decision in Hungary, leaves Russia's satellites on the Balkan alone.

1849, May: Germans and Poles cross the Vistula at Sandomierz.

1849, July: Battle of Chelm. United armies of South Russia and Novorossiya beaten, have to retreat behind Bug river.

1849, August: Germans cross the Vistula, going into Prussia.

1849, September: Swedes take Tampere.

1849, October: German troops have reached Memel / Nyemen river.

1850, January: Battle of Drevesina (OTL Boise, Idaho).

1850, March: Battle of Békéscsaba. New Roman troops start reconquest of eastern Hungary.

1850, March: Germans start to besiege Riga.

1850, June: Battle of Plotzeck; Littauen (again) conquered by Germany.

1850, August: New Romans defeat the attacking Serbian-Romanian-Bulgarian troops at Vinkovci, Croatia.

1850, September: New Romans take Khust (Carpatho-Ukraine), concluding their conquest of Hungary.

1850, October: Germans conquer Estonia, except for the capital Reval / Tallin.

1850: After the liberation of Prussia and Poland, the German politicians decide to strike at Russia's heart, driven by their wish for revenge. Emperor Benedetto whose troops just conquered Eger is surprised to hear they don't want to make peace.

1851, May: German-Polish-Czech troops take Minsk.

1851, July: Battle of Vitebsk; last big battle before Moscow, since the Novorussians now retreat.

1851, August: Helsingfors taken by Swedes.

1851, November: German main army destroyed (with help by general winter) at the little city of Moscow. The front has to be taken back behind Lake Peipus and the former east border of Prussia.

1852, February: Canadian commander Jacob Andrews (later president) manages to land on Vancouver island at night, the first step to conquer it.

1852, May: Peace of Constantinople. Other than earlier said, Hungary becomes a satellite of New Rome. It stays that way until 1878 when its government is toppled by local Socialist revolutionaries, after which Germany interferes, as earlier said. From then on, Hungary is in the German camp.

(Sorry if this sounds like anti-Russian wank. True, the coalition had better weapons like the needle gun, and fought an opponent, but still. In reality, the Russians will have won the one or other little battle not mentioned here - and the winners probably will prefer to stay silent too.)


The World, 1900-10:

1900s: The relations between the Germanies and the New Roman empire cool down, for an end of slavery in the latter isn't in sight. (Italy proper has abolished slavery, but even after the end of transatlantic slave trade, there's enough inner-imperial slave trade in Roman Atlantis and North Africa left, plus the more discrete slave trade with its neighbors Songhay and Braseal until recently.)

German movie studios from the Atlantean East Coast discover the city Paradi(e)s (OTL Rio de Janeiro) as a location, making it a center of movie productions (esp. adventurous movies).

Italians start to drill for oil in the deserts of Libya and Algeria, to support their new car industry.

1900: Olympic Games in the German capital of Dresden. There's an eclat overshadowing the games when the German visitors boo the Russian teams.

1902: Three volcano explosions in Atlantis. (OTL Mount Pelée in Martinique, Santamaría in Guatemala, and Soufrière in St Vincent.)

1902-07: Germany easily picks up the many small states the kingdom of Songhay disintegrated into.

1904: Olympic Games in Paris. Again, the Games are sadly disturbed when an radical tries to assassinate old emperor Ludovico.

1905: The new Chinese emperor dies; being a great admiror of the New Roman empire, he ruled that every emperor has to adopt a successor - relatives are explicitly ruled out.

1906: Great Earthquake in Tainstvo (OTL San Francisco - the Germans also call it Franzensburg), capital of the republic of Northern California, independent since anti-Russian War and with a mixed population of Germans and Russians. The shrewd Kanzler of German Atlantis, Alfred Kleiber, sends troops to "restore order" and "build up the destroyed city", effectively making the republic a satellite. The republic of Novorossiya, which had had similar plans, but couldn't send enough troops over the Pacific in the short time given, protests. Germany (in Europe) sides with its Atlantean counterpart.

1908: An earthquake and tsunami kill 70,000 in Messina.
Olympic Games in Nanking.

1909: Prince Ludovico of Occitania - designated successor of his father - dies. The New Roman empire mourns for him. Behind the scenes, members of the imperial family (including that of former emperor Benedetto, and the Spanish Monteleone family), the government, the bureaucracy, and the court try to influence the emperor about his decision about the new successor.

1910: Gold Rush in Alyeska. Many Canadians also cross the border. Newspapers all over the world write articles comparing the situation to Northern California. The danger of a war becomes apparent.

1910, July 16th: Emperor Ludovico dies, and again the New Roman empire is shook up. Many people in its government wonder whether the empire is in danger, as the new emperor, Ludovico's grandson Alessandro II, is far less talented than his grandfather. Many also criticize that the emperor broke the principle of adoption, but this party couldn't succeed in making him rethink his decision.

Stories (yes, from now on several stories per post):
[post=913823]An analysis of the world situation and a review of a scandalous book[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

Retcon:
1783/84: Eruption of Laki in Iceland. Half of the population dies or emigrates, to Atlantis or Australia (OTL South Africa). This seems like a footnote of history, but descendants of said Icelanders often claim that they helped spreading the idea of democracy in German Atlantis, Canada and Australia.

1834: At the Hungarian division, New Rome also acquires most of Slovenia (which was Austrian, until Austria was inherited by Hungary in 1816), so Germany is cut off from the Adria.

1886: In the Third French-Roman War, the New Romans take France's last possessions on the Iberian peninsula, Asturia and the Basque country, with the help of the local population. Afterwards, their troops are stopped by the French machine-gunners - but since this happens along France's natural borders, the Alps and Pyrenees, this isn't fully understood by the strategists.

1887: After the Imperial Navy destroys the French ships, New Rome lands a big army in Aquitaine, which is mostly undefended, progressing rapidly.

1908, June 29th: A meteorite (most probable) hits near Tunguska, Novorossiya.

The world's situation in 1910:
After the Anti-Seljuk War and the defeat and dismemberment of Socialist France in 1890, people hoped for a more peaceful time after the turbulent 19th century. However, tensions between the powers still existed, and they didn't become better:

- The Russias had never forgotten their defeat in the anti-Russian War. South Russia had become a friend and ally of New Rome, thanks to the winning personality of the great emperor Ludovico, and even Novorossiya had come closer, but OTOH, both Russias wished for revenge against the Germans and Canadians.
- New Rome wasn't very fond when Germany invaded Hungary in 1882, since it had belonged to New Rome's sphere of influence since it was liberated in the anti-Russian War.
- OTOH, the Germans had decided that they definitely got the shorter end of the stick when France was divided - the protectorate of Lothringen they won paled compared to the new kingdom of Gaul, which had rounded out the New Roman empire.
- The Germans also envied Novorossiya and New Rome for their rich conquests of North China and India respectively. Which didn't stop those two powers from becoming suspicious when the Germans claimed all of sub-Saharan Africa for themselves.
- After slavery was abolished in Braseal, the anti-slavery groups in German Atlantis and Canada criticized New Rome louder and louder for keeping slavery.
- Re-united China wasn't willing to tolerate Russian presence in Beijing and the rest of North China. And though it sounds unbelievable, the radical Catholic Nipponese even surpassed them in their hate for Russia.
- The events of Kalifornien and Alyeska.

Population statistics: North Atlantis (Canada and both Northern and Southern US) is more populated than OTL North America, for being settled earlier, as are the Russian lands, where the population is 50% higher (in Siberia even more). Sub-saharan Africa (for the new crops being introduced centuries later) and South Atlantis have a lower population, however. Everything else is similar to OTL.

Development of science:
Compared to OTL, the Chaos TL is ahead especially in astronomy (they already discovered Pluto and many other celestial bodies earlier than OTL, and only the lack of a relativity theory prevents them from advancing further), electricity, communication, and codebreaking. The last world-changing invention so far was the car - with a twist: While New Rome already prefers gasoline as a fuel, the Germans prefer coal and experiment with grain alcohol, and the Russians have built cars running on electricity.

The world after 1910:
1911: World War One breaks out. The complicated alliances between the powers lead to the following events:

The details of the first six weeks:

June 14th: Novorossiya declares war on Canada.

June 15th: First skirmishes between Russian and Canadian soldiers in the Yukon valley. In the gold digger cities of Alyeska, Russians lynch Canadians and Germans - and vice versa.

June 18th: Atlantean Germany declares war on Novorossiya, together with its satellite North California (now more often called Kalifornien); Old Germany follows suit. The two Germanies and Canada form the Bündnis (German for alliance).

June 19th: German-Canadian armies unite to attack Russians in OTL Whatcom county, Washington state. Russians start shipping troops there, hoping not to come too late. Many civilians flee via the Pacific from the Germans.
German army attacks Novorossiya in Estonia.

June 20th: South Russia declares war on Old Germany; Poland, Greater Bohemia and Hungary also mobilize troops against the Russians.

June 22th-27th: Balcan states allied to South Russia (Serbia, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Vlachia, Moldovia, Transsylvania) declare war on the Bündnis.

June 24th: Bündnis attack against Serbia throws them back behind the Danube, except for Belgrade.

June 25th: German-Polish attack starts in Galicia. They conquer the SW corner of South Russia, but then the big armies clash and freeze along the line Daugavpils-Chernovcy (Bukovina).

June 26th: One Hungarian and one German army cross the Transsylvanian border, going around the Apuseni mountains to unite. Serbia is left alone for the moment.

June 27th: First Transsylvanian city Cluj conquered by Hungarians.

June 28th: Argentinien declares war on the Russias - for the beginning, only symbolically.

June 29th: Most of Russian Cascadia in German hands, except for OTL Cape Flattery and some fortresses at the coast.

June 30th: After Canada uses some diplomacy, China declares war on Novorossiya, as does Nippon.

July 1911: Chinese uprisings against Russians in Beijing and other occupied cities start.

July 2nd: Germans defeat Russians in the battle of Kohtla-Järve, Estonia. Except for the capital Tallinn and the islands, the whole province is under German control.

July 3rd: First sea battle between Nippon and Novorossiya. Despite of severe losses, the Nipponese can open a way to Ezo (Hokkaido).

July 5th: Germans and Hungarians control the whole Mures valley in Transsylvania, approach the Carpathians, besiege Hermannstadt / Sibiu.

July 6th: After heated discussions behind the scenes, New Rome decides to declare war on the Bündnis. The two Russias and New Rome now form the Imperial Pact (the name is incorrect, since Novorossiya is still a republic, but it sticks).
Nipponese land on Ezo, manage to establish a bridgehead after hard fighting.

July 7th: German satellite Lothringen declares war on New Rome.

July 8th: Sea battle of Saaremaa. German-Scandinavian navies defeat Russian Baltic fleet, land on the Estonian islands.
July 9th-20th: German Atlantis pushes the New Romans behind the Ohio, conquer OTL south tip of Illinois.

July 10th: New Rome starts a short raid into Argentinien from Peru. Although not unsuccessful, they have to retreat after the Argentinian army is fully mobilized.

July 11th: Netherlands and Switzerland declare war on New Rome.

July 12th (Tammuz 17th 5671): Judea solidarizes with New Rome, declares war on the Bündnis.

July 14th: Braseal declares war on New Rome.

July 17th: Tallinn capitulates.

July 18th: Siam declares war on the Pact, also moved by Canada to do this step. Canada starts rising two native armies from their colonies and protectorates in SE Asia.

July 26th: Ethiopia declares war on the Bündnis.

The only states now still staying neutral are Socialist Britain, the small native state of Aymaria (south tip of Atlantis), the Muslim states (Persia, the rump Seljuk state, Hejaz, Oman, Arabia and Mahdi Sudan), the central Asian states of Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim and Tibet, finally Tir Tairngire and New Albion.


The situation at the beginning of the war, for each continent:
- North Atlantis: Novorossiya has a presence in Alyeska and OTL Cascadia, but these areas are hopelessly outnumbered even by Canada alone. Otherwise, the northern half of the continent belongs to Canada and German Atlantis, while the South is New Roman, as is the whole Caribbean.

- South Atlantis: The north and the Andes are New Roman, while the rest is divided between German Argentinien and Braseal.

- Europe: The center and the north are under control of Germany or its satellites, while the west and south belong to New Rome, and the east and south-east to the Russias.

- Africa: The Maghreb is New Roman, the sub-saharan areas German. The Sahara desert, Mahdi Sudan and independent Ethiopia seperate the powers.

- Asia: The North belongs to Novorossiya, the Indian subcontinent to New Rome, the south-west to independent Muslim states (except for Judea), the east and south-east to Canada or independent Asian states which are allied with the Bündnis.

- Oceania: Almost exclusively controlled by the Canadians, except for the neutral states in the south.


And in the oceans:
- Atlantic: The north and the south more under control of the Bündnis, the center under control of New Rome.

- Indian Ocean: The west under German, the east (incl. the Malacca Straits) under Canadian, the rest under New Roman control.

- Pacific: Strong pact powers in the east and the north-west; rest mostly under comparably weak Canadian control (their forces are scattered).

- North Sea: A German lake.

- The Channel: Under New Roman control, although the Germans and Dutch can blockade the east.

- Baltic: German-Scandinavian superiority.

- Mediterranean: A New Roman lake.

- Black Sea: A Russian lake.

- Red Sea: Both ends controlled by New Romans.

- Yellow Sea: Domain of the Chinese and Nipponese.

After the declarations of war and the mobilizing of the armies, these fronts form:

North Atlantis:
- Alyeska front (Novorossiya vs Canada)
- for short time: Cascadia front (Novorossiya vs. German Atlantis)
- California front (Kalifornien + German Atlantis vs New Rome)
- Desert front (German Atlantis vs New Rome)
- Missouri front (German Atlantis vs New Rome)
- Ohio front (German Atlantis vs New Rome)
- Appalachia front (German Atlantis vs New Rome)

South Atlantis:
- Guayana front (Braseal vs New Rome)
- Amazonas front (Braseal vs New Rome)
- Andes front (Argentinien vs New Rome)

Europe:
- France front
- Alps front
- Balcan front
- Eastern front
- Finland front

Africa:
- Senegal front
- Ethiopia front

Asia:
- Siam (later Bengal) front
- Steppe front
- China front
- Korea front
- Ezo front

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The German general staff is quite shocked. A war against the Russias is one thing; but a war against the Russias AND the superpower New Rome, which is undefeated in war yet, if you don't count the guerilla war of Braseal? Especially European Germany seems to be hopelessly outnumbered. The governments in Martinsburg (OTL Philadelphia) and Neu-Hamburg (OTL Buenos Aires) are contacted. Both are somewhat hesitating to send their men over the Atlantic, which is to a good part controlled by the Imperial Navy; finally, Argentinien promises to send some troops to German Africa, and Atlantis promises help for the time after they win in Russian Cascadia. An invasion of the Russian Pacific coast that was considered before New Rome entered the war is cancelled, since the Russian and Imperial navies control most of the Pacific, and the Germans and Canadians have to take care not to be invaded themselves.

But even the pact isn't in such a rosy situation. The New Roman empire, especially in Europe, suffers under the language problem: Every non-Italian speaking soldier is only taught 200 words Italian, which leads to difficulties in communication. The Russians face similar problems with their Balcan allies, of whom only the officers speak Russian fluently. And more important: There are no experiences in leading a comparable war - even the anti-Russian and anti-British wars were more local in comparison.

Of course the Italians and Russians would make jokes about the "wurst/kraut-eating surrender monkeys", but in the summer of 1911, these jokes almost became reality. No one in European Germany had really wanted a war with both the Russias and the New Roman superpower. The German ministry of Exterior continually contacted its counterpart in Rome, franticly trying to make a seperate peace. They offered Lothringen and Hungary for a peace, and some members of the government even thought about European Germany leaving the war completely, sacrificing Poland if necessary. But the pact powers declined, sure they could get an even better peace in a few weeks anyway.

So, born out of necessity, the German military leadership decided to make a victory as costly as possible for the pact. "Die Front muss gehalten werden, auf Biegen und Brechen!" ("You've got to hold the line, that it neither bends nor breaks!") The cavalry troops unmounted, and the soldiers dug trenches all along the borders. Then they waited for the New Romans and Russians to attack, praying that their German brothers and their allies at the other fronts might save the day.

And to everyone's surprise, it worked. The proud Russian steppe riders and the New Roman cavalry, even the New Roman motorized corps (the New Romans had twice as many cars available than all other European powers taken together!), attacked the German trenches in vain. The new weapon, the machinegun, much improved since the last war, simply favored the defender too much. July, August and September went by, but at the end, the fronts had barely moved if at all, and the cavalrists and the drivers joined their comrades in the trenches.

After the first months of the war it becomes apparent that the war will take longer - and New Rome faces the first problem, because their material is running low. Before the war, they received lots of steel and coal (not to mention finished products) from Germany, especially the Krafft corporation from the Ruhrgebiet; now, their own reserves of iron and coal aren't sufficient, and they have to import their stuff from South Russia or the Urals instead - the latter being four times as far from Italy than the Ruhr, and transport takes six times longer, at best. The fact that the Germans easily can replace their lost ships, while the Imperial navy can't, is another problem. Until a solution is found, the New Romans have to use up the stockpiles of Castille and North Africa, which aren't threatened.

Both sides also start to use submarines. This part of the war is even costlier than IOTL, since the Germans don't have to fear another great power entering the war. OTOH, it's also less one-sided, and thus, the Germans and Canadians suffer under New Roman and Russian subs as well.

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1911 (August to December):
North Atlantis: California and the lands east of the Appalachians see a lot of battles in which the fronts barely move. The Ohio front is almost quiet in comparison - it's too hard to cross the river, although in August, the 4th New Roman army tries to invade Ohio and cut German Atlantis in two. They destroy some railroads, which are later repaired. The western desert isn't that interesting for both parties either. Between Rockies and Mississippi however, the German-Canadian armies advance into the province of Montana (OTL east Colorado), take its capital Metara Nova. The Russian troops in Cascadia have to capitulate, after supporting them via the ocean proves to be impossible.

South Atlantis: In the Amazon jungle, Brasealian "amazon warriors" advance against New Rome. Former black slaves who're unemployed since slavery was abolished join the army, later become famous as the "Black Panthers". Along the Andes, the fronts don't move either - the Argentinians have the superior forces, but New Rome has the far better terrain for defense.

Europe: The situation in Atlantis forces New Rome to make its protectorate kingdoms of Portugal, Brittany and the Basque country enter the war. Their troops are sent to North Atlantis, to help defend Italia Nuova. Otherwise, the fronts still don't move much: The Germans don't want to attack, and the Pact powers can't break through. Both sides start to try psychological warfare. After the kingdom of Occitania (OTL South France and Catalonia) also mobilizes troops against the Germans, the latter have to conscript another army to be able to defend in France (it won't be the last one).

Africa: New Roman advances into Senegal and Kenya, until they're stopped by Brasealian and Argentinian reinforcements. During the winter, "Black Panther" troops arrived from Braseal help the Germans to drive the Ethiopians and New Romans back into Ethiopia.

Asia: The Nipponese fight with the Russians on Ezo, not willing to give up. North China becomes a chaos, as the Russians are confronted with partisans all over the place. Their armies are constantly threatened to be cut off; new armies conscripted in Novorossiya have to be sent east instead being used against Germany. The Chinese emperor starts to reclaim the once lost territories in North China, and his new subjects welcome him.
In the South, New Rome has occupied Ava (OTL North Birma). The united Bündnis armies (China, Canada, Siam) occupy Lan Xang (OTL Laos), after which the fronts freeze too.

Oceania: The Pact powers decide to bring the Pacific under their control, attack from both sides. New Roman ships coming from South Atlantis attack the Canadians on OTL Pitcairn and Polynesia, Novorossiya attacks from the North towards the Marianas and Marshall islands. Both are quite successful, since the Canadians lack ships.


Atlantic: Several big sea battles happen - at Stefor (OTL Recife), Cabo Verde and Jersey in the Channel, the Imperial Navy can defeat German, Canadian and Brasealian fleets, while the battle of Haraldsborg (OTL New York) is a draw. The Russians try to conquer Svalbard by sea, but are fought back.

Indian Ocean: After two won sea battles of Madagascar and Sumatra, New Romans land troops on both islands.

Pacific: Early in the war, the Canadians defeat the Novorussian coastal fleet of Alyeska, but later, the Pact powers have several successes, driving the Canadian navy back to Hawaii and the Indies respectively - the Central Pacific is under their control now.
Novorussian ships fight Chinese and Nipponese ships in the Chinese Sea; their young navies lose many ships, and Shanghai and many Nipponese cities are bombarded by Novorussian ships.

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1912:
For this year, Olympic Games were planned to happen in Delhi, but are cancelled due to the war.

During the winter, the 1st (German) Atlantean army is transported via Greenland, Iceland and the Faroer to Europe. Thanks to the ice storms, which the Imperial Navy isn't exactly accustomed to, this happens without high losses. On the other side, the New Romans transport two more armies to Italia Nuova, which is in a difficult situation. New Rome is even forced to trade with the British Socialists for iron and coal. The Brits happily demand prices several times higher than before the war, but the anti-Socialist Germans are furious, and those demanding a compromise peace are silenced because of this.

North Atlantis: After both sides brought reinforcements, the fronts are frozen even at the Missouri front. Atlantean chancellor Kleiber knows that only "his" Germany can decide the war, but he needs a real victory for that. After talking with the commander Friedrich-Paul Halbe, they decide to use a new, untested weapon: The tank (ITTL called Walze, German for roller, as in steamroller) - a big armored vehicle, driven by steam - essentially a crossbreed between a locomotive and an OTL WW1 tank. The Walzen are horribly slow, but perfectly fit for crushing resistance in a battlefield full of barbed wire and trenches. The following strike(s) towards south leads them almost towards Texan city Trinidad (OTL Amarillo), when a New Roman counter-attack throws them back to OTL Kansas. (New Rome had to bring reinforcements from Spain and even India to stop the Germans.)

South Atlantis: Braseal has conquered OTL Guayana and entered OTL Venezuela from the South. The Argentinian army under general Bauernfeind tries to enter New Roman territory in the Andes, but is fought back and has severe losses.

Europe: In the spring, after Atlantean reinforcements have arrived, the Germans start a major offensive against New Rome in Burgundy, which has them win 30 km land east of Saone (in the south) and between Bar-le-Duc and Langres further north. Then, the offensive stops, after new Occitan troops and a Judean legion have arrived at the New Roman front.
After neither a crossing of the Danube (by the New Romans) nor an attack through the Carpathians (by the Russians and allies) was successful, South Russia moves its troops further north, starts the Sechin offensive against Poland. This time, they're successful: The German east front is crushed, Volhynia is overrun. The Germans only manage to stop the Russians by using poison gas, for the first time in the war. The Pact powers start using gas too, and later in the year, after using shocktroopers, East Poland is conquered too; only behind the rivers Narev and Vistula, a successful defense can be established again. Lots of Poles (more than a million) flee from the Russians to Germany, where they're... not exactly welcomed with open arms, but at least provided with food and provisional housing (well, huts). The refugees cause some unrest in the country, many people doubt they can still win the war. The government needs a scapegoat and has the Jewish civilians arrested and interned (similar to the Japanese-Americans in WW2), because Judea is fighting Germany. Just to survive, European Germany has to use every measure: Women have to work in the factories, anti-New Roman legions are made by recruiting French and Arab POWs, and every last man is drafted. It becomes apparent that this can't last forever.

Africa: After the Germans conscript an army in South Africa and transport it north, they defeat Ethiopia and occupy it; the king is deposed, flees to New Roman Egypt. Now Germany starts to contact the Arab states, trying to make them enter the war against New Rome. After placing strong artillery in Djibouti, the New Roman navy in the Red Sea is practically trapped, which puts India into a difficult situation. In the second half of the year, troops from Egypt are brought to Aden and make a landing in Eritrea, which are later defeated, though.

Asia: While the Russians keep firm control in Manchuria and Mongolia and also keep Beijing, their armies heavily suffer under the partisan war. In September, the 6th Novorussian army is cut off and destroyed in the province of Henan. In the South, the Imperial Indian army fights the Bündnis armies in Yunnan and North Birma. Nipponese slowly advance north in Ezo, approach Vladivostok (OTL Sapporo).

Oceania: The Novorussian fleet manages to confuse the Canadians and occupies parts of Mindanao, until they retreat again.


Atlantic: In the battle of Roma Nuova (OTL Norfolk, Virginia), the German-Canadian navy is defeated, and attacks become impossible for several months. However, New Rome has lost many ships too, and worse, can't replace them that easily. The later battles of the Azores and Puerto Rico already turn out better for the Germans. They also manage to send a new fleet from the North Sea around the British Isles south to Africa. An attack against the Russians in the North Polar Sea fails, however.

Indian Ocean: Germans try to help Madagascar, but are defeated in a battle before Pemba.

Pacific: In the first battle of Hawaii, the Canadian navy can fight back the Imperial fleets. Another Chinese fleet is defeated before Tsingdao.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1913:
In Europe, the Pact powers still have the advantage, or at least it seems so. This is overshadowed a bit by their defeats in Asia, Atlantis and Africa, though. Still everyone, including the Germans, believes that the war will be won in Europe.

North Atlantis: After building more walzen, the next German thrust goes first into and later through the province of Texas, cutting New Roman Atlantis in two. This gives Germany access to the Texan oil, and takes New Rome its biggest advantage - its motorized troops. Now New Rome starts to panick, even liberates and arms slaves and peons who promise to fight the Germans, with mixed successes.

South Atlantis: Brasealians storm Nueva Leon (OTL Caracas). Secretly, New Rome tries to contact them to make them leave the war, but to no avail. Some stories of the plunderings made spread through the empire.

Europe: After even more Atlantean and also Argentinian reinforcements arrive, the Germans try an attack in the west, hoping to hurt New Rome enough. Their attack is successful - during the year, all of France east of the Seine is conquered - but it hasn't the effect of New Rome leaving the war. Germany declares the republic of Free France, hoping to get more support from the French. The effort is not in vain: Many French serving for New Rome change sides.
A German-Scandinavian army manages to land in Finland, hoping to distract the Russians, who're threatening another offensive in Poland. During the winter, the Russians manage to conquer parts of the German province Littauen (Lithuania).

Africa: The army of Liberien marches into Senegal, taking it back. "Black Panther" troops liberate Madagascar.

Asia: Despite unbelievably high losses, the Chinese march north, recruit new armies among the former partisans and triumphally take Beijing at the end of the year. Nippon manages to land an army in Novorossiya's protectorate Korea. This leads to diplomatic clashes with China, and the Canadian diplomats have a lot of work to do to calm both parties down.
A Chinese-Canadian-Siamese army manages a break through to Assam.
After the Arab states declare war on New Rome, the Judean legion has to return home, and New Rome has to send troops from North Africa to Syria.

Oceania: Canadians force New Romans to leave Sumatra, start to reconquer their lost islands, with the help of fanatical Nipponese soldiers.


Atlantic: The battle of Saint-Malo gives the German and Dutch navies more control in the Channel. Meanwhile, they can mostly move free in the Atlantic; the convoi system makes encounters, and thus battles, less probable. Still, thanks to the Miskito canal (OTL it would be the Nicaragua canal), the New Romans can use their fleet in both Atlantic and Pacific. But in fact, New Rome is that desperate that they bribe the Socialist pirates of Britain to attack German ships. Which causes even more anger in Germany later...

Indian Ocean: Germany fights the battle of Sokotra, after which they manage to land troops in southern Arabia, start to cooperate with the Arab states, besiege New Roman fortress Aden. Germany starts to approach Persia.

Pacific: In the battle of the Kuriles, united Canadians, Chinese and Nipponese defeat the Novorussian fleet, which is on the defensive from now on. Scattered Novorussian ships are later fought and defeated in the second battle of Hawaii.

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1914:

North Atlantis: Germany has decided to cut the New Roman empire into pieces and thus supports independence movements in Louisiana, California, Texas and Mexico. The New Roman authorities face difficulties to keep them under control.

South Atlantis: Braseal attacks further west, entering OTL Colombia.

Europe: Germany starts the year with another walzen attack, aiming at the whole territory between Seine and Loire. The growing Free French army helps them, although the declaration of the republic of Brittany in late spring angers the French somewhat.
A counter-attack against the Russians in Littauen gives the Germans some breathing space in the East.
In July, the Germans attack south from Austria, reaching the Adria and cutting the only railroad between Italy and the Balcans.
Finally, in August, Germans win the battle of Saint Etienne, making a link to the partisans of the Central Massive of France, rush to the west, reaching Limoges. This is the last straw.

Africa: A few attacks of the New Romans in the Sahara are fought back. German, Brasealian and African troops approach Morocco, but can't proceed further. OTOH, in Algeria and Egypt, native uprisings bring New Rome even more difficulties. The empire seems at the verge of collapse.

Asia: Persia decides to enter the war. In the Russian occupied north, uprisings start. Novorossiya has to move many armies south to counter this new threat. In Korea, their troops are caught between the Chinese in the north and the Nipponese in the south. German and Arab troops throw the New Romans out of Syria. Now the Seljuk state also enters the war, attacks Cilicia. South Russia has to send troops over the Black Sea to defend its lands there. And worst of all, the Chinese and Canadians have entered Bengal, threaten Calcutta.

Oceania: Canadians have reconquered their Pacific colonial empire, strike east to take OTL Easter Island.


Atlantic: The battle of Ceuta, which is victorious for the Germans, drives the Imperial navy back into the Mediterranean. Further west, they attack the Caribbean islands.

Indian Ocean: Germans and Canadians unite their navies, strike against the New Romans near the Maledives, threaten "the jewel in the crown", India.

Pacific: Canada strikes in the north, takes the Aleutes from Novorossiya.


In August, the situation seems hopeless for the New Roman empire: France is practically lost, Iberia also is in danger, the Atlantean lands are breaking away, as is North Africa, India is threatened, and there is no hope for relieve. Now the Council of Imperial provinces (the New Roman quasi-parliament, where representatives from all lands are attendant) demands from the emperor to make peace with Germany, if he doesn't want the empire to break apart. Emperor Alessandro II decides to step down, goes into exile in New Albion, together with his family.

August 28th: New Rome and Judea make an armistice with the Germanies, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Canada, Braseal, Liberien, China, Siam, Hungary, Lothringen, Persia, the Seljuk state, and Free France and Arabs. All of France, Texas, the Caribbean islands, the Miskito and Suez canals, the Egyptian delta, and a part of India are occupied by troops of the Bündnis.

Next week more, folks... it's not over yet...

Stories:
[post=923302]A ridiculous and though sad scene, and another scene appropriate for a falling empire.[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

@Grand Prince Paul II. : Sorry. But the tides can turn again.
@Stalker: ITTL, the Russians occupied Poland, Bohemia and Hungary first. So the population tends to see them as oppressors and the Germans as liberators. But yes, this can change indeed. Poland as the biggest state had more liberty afterwards, but as you remember, the Germans invaded Bohemia and Hungary to defeat workers' uprisings, making both states their satellites. Let's see how it turns out.

And now, let's take a big gulp of a TL:

The World 1914-20

Retcon: In addition to the mentioned lands, the North Italian plain, the important fortress Ceuta, Slovenia and Croatia are occupied by Germany and its allies after the armistice.

After the capitulation of New Rome, the Germans start sending as many troops as possible to the East, to turn the tables against the Russians. Moderated forces in Russia suggest making peace, but the more radical parties don't want to admit defeat - Russian troops are still standing deep in Poland, after all.

1914:

North Atlantis: Canada concentrates on the remaining Russian holds in Alyeska. In the winter, they have to capitulate.

Europe: A first attack against Russia, coming from OTL Latvia, gives the Germans Littauen (OTL Lithuania) back. From occupied Croatia, Germans and Hungarians advance into Bosnia. The Germans also try a landing on the Kallipolis peninsula, but the Russians can defend the place.

Asia: China and Nippon manage to conquer Korea, and since the German navy makes an evacuation impossible, two Russian armies are captured. The fights on Ezo (OTL Hokkaido) and in the steppes of Mongolia still go on, although the Chinese don't advance that far beyond their borders.
In the South, the Seljuks start a guerilla war in the Russian-occupied Pontus. Orthodox Greeks leave the area, going for the more secure Trapezunt. The Persians, also supplied with German arms, also advance in the mountains of North Persia and Afghanistan.

Oceania: Canada sends its troops from SE Asia to reconquer the Russian-occupied islands. However, despite being cut off, the Russians fight hard. Nippon sends soldiers and takes some islands back too.


Atlantic, Indian Ocean are quiet now.

Pacific: In the battle of Dalian, the combined German-Canadian-Chinese-Nipponese navies defeat the remaining Novorussian fleet. From now on, the Russians just can defend their own waters, and Alyeska is practically cut off.


Other events:
The many Indian soldiers who served in the different places of the New Roman empire have to put down their arms and return to India. Not all of them do, however; many stay in the breakaway states of the New Roman empire, serving for the new governments instead. The final transport will take as long as summer 1915.

The Germans and their allies start talking about how to divide the spoils of war. This proves to be very hard, however; some states have no territorial claims against New Rome, but want their fair share of the cake; and the war against the Russias is not over yet. Later, the Staatenkonferenz (conference of states) will emerge from these talks.

The German Jews who were interned during the war are released again; many however decide to leave the Germanies and emigrate to Judea, being fed up with Germany.


September:
The loss of the emperor leaves the New Roman government in trouble. For a short time, the Council of Imperial provinces had hoped to keep the empire together, but now they find out that the people in the provinces think different than their representatives, who got their posts for their ability to work together with the emperor, who isn't anymore. Louisiane declares independence first; Central Atlantis and California follow, as does Algiers (still more French than Italian). Things in Europe aren't much better: The Basques declare an independent republic and topple the former grand duke. Germany, which has troops nearby, forbids to interfere.

Seeing Greece in danger being overrun by the Seljuks, the Russians and Bulgarians send troops to occupy the country.

New Roman officer Italo Malaparte flees via Greece and Bulgaria to the Russians, tells them about the importance of the German tank weapon.

Hoping to get more support from the Finns, the Germans proclaim the Finnish republic. Their Scandinavian collaborators aren't too happy about this, having hoped that they'd get Finland instead.

The Germans send their navy into the Mediterranean, occupy Greek islands, including Cyprus.

October:
Catalonia (formerly part of the kingdom of Occitania and directly under the emperor) also becomes a republic; king Benedetto of Andalusia seeks his future with the Germans, also leaves the empire; in Asturia, the twelve-year-old grand duke also is toppled and has to flee; and finally, even old king Alfonso XIII of Castille can't deny the wishes of the Spaniards and declares Castille independent.

In Atlantis, California (OTL South and Central California plus Baja) declares independence; the big province of Mexico follows, as does Florida. And in Africa, Morocco and Egypt declare independence.

Central Atlantis makes a treaty with German Atlantis, renting the Atlantic-Pacific canal to the latter.

November:
The Castillian break with New Rome leads to the Portuguese protectorate declaring independence too. Internal struggles between a monarchist and a republican faction follow. Castillians who dream of a stronger Spain (including the heir Juan) aren't happy about this. OTOH, Asturia declares they're willing to join Castille again.

New Rome tries to re-occupy Egypt from the Cyrenaica, but Germany forbids it; when they feel the Italians don't comply, their battleships bombard Tobruq and Benghazi.

A German newspaper uses the term of "Southern Chaos" for the first time.

December:
Castille and Portugal start a war.

In Nouvelle Orleans, the Socialist harbor workers rise against the government, which has to flee the city. Due to the breakdown of the New Roman empire, trade in the city is down, and the workers are unemployed. It takes some time until order is restored.

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1915:

European theater: In several severe battles, Germans and allies drive the Russians out of Poland, cross the pre-war border. Finns and Scandinavians conquer the Finnish capital Turku and Vanhakaupunki (OTL Helsinki/Helsingfors).

Asian theater: With the troops returned from Korea, Nippon conquers the island Ezo. Afterwards, they also land on Sachalin and the Kuriles.
Seljuk and German troops take the various harbors of Pontus, reach the Asian side of Constantinople/Czargrad.
In Russian-occupied Choresm, people start protests and later uprisings, which weaken Novorossiya. Persians reach Azerbaijan, threaten Baku.


Other events:
General:
The post-war economical crisis and the unclear future of the new countries leads to many unrests. Often, this causes anti-semite reactions. Jews start leaving their countries for Judea.

The Italians, who until now were a privileged minority in the areas which became independent after the war (every Italian starting a plantage there was made "Padrone" by the empire, which was the lowest noble rank - under the baron), start leaving said areas for Italy proper, Italia Nuova or Italian North Africa (OTL Tunisia and Libya).

January:
Uprisings in OTL Yucatan force the Mexican government to react.

February:
Until now, the New Roman province of Caroline (OTL Carolinas and Georgia) has stayed loyal to the government. Now however, clashes between Italian- and French-descended people lead to uprisings of the latter. When the central government tries to put them down, German troops occupy Roma Nuova (OTL Richmond) and Charlesbourg (OTL Charleston), make sure Caroline becomes independent. This leads to even more bad blood.

March:
In Besancon, the capital of Lothringen / Lorraine, the old and respected politician Daniel Legrand makes a speech in parliament (first in French, then in German). He speaks about how the people of Lorraine have fought at Germany's side; he also admits that the French occupation of Germany in the 18th and early 19th century was wrong; but finally, he points out that this was the 20th century, and asks the German governments for nothing but a reunification with France proper. The Germans don't want such trouble, try to get more time. But the French understood him, and from now on, in the (still German-occupied) French cities demonstrations for a united France start.

April:
Castille and Portugal make peace, giving Galicia back to Castille.

May:
Young state of Syria (which also has Palestine) feels threatened by the growing Jewish population in Judea. The Jewish-Syrian war starts. Many Jews who stayed in the diaspora until now go to Judea, to fight against the Syrians.

June:
After long and hard negotiations, the Bündnis powers make a peace treaty with the sad rest of New Rome, which is more of a multi-continental Italy now. Braseal takes the conquered areas in OTL Venezuela and Guayana; German Atlantis keeps occupied Caribbean, Texas and Montana, which are supposed to become settling grounds for German surplus population; European Germany claims Slovenia; Persia moves its border with India to the Indus valley; Argentinien, Siam and Canada, plus other minor powers, only take money as spoils; China takes OTL North Birma; the Seljuks get Cilicia back; finally, there's the question about what to do with India. Finally the Germanies decide to keep the northern half and to administrate it together, while the South stays with New Rome.
In addition, slavery in the New Roman empire is declared void.

Another point that enrages the French is that Normandy is supposed to become a Dutch satellite, and Brittany a German one. The demonstrations become uprisings; the puppet government of Normandy is unable to do anything.

July:
In Algiers, French and Berbs clash for several months.

August:
After long discussions, Morocco proclaims the republic of the Cortes.

September:
After hard fights in French cities, the French resistance against the dismemberment is broken. Instead, they act passive resistance against the Germans. Preoccupied in the East, the German leadership is happy that the west is quiet again.

October:
Castille attacks Andalusia, aiming at a reunification of old Spain.

November:
Andalusia asks Germany for help, offering harbors for the new German Mediterranean navy. Germany accepts, sends troops.

December:
When the coming winter leads to shortages in food, new uprisings in Normandy start again. For a while the situation is undecided, but at Christmas, a new player enters the scene: After the fled French Socialists in Britain made propaganda for their cause, the Brits decide to send volunteers over the Channel. Their troops occupy the Channel Islands, land at the beaches and take Caen and Le Havre, where they set up a counter-government. Lots of weapons are transported to arm the French against the Germans.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1916:

When the war goes into its fifth year, people start getting tired. Caricaturists draw cartoons of the Grim Reaper saying: "You humans, stop it - I can't do it anymore!"

European theater: After the mud period is over, the Germans decide to attack towards Kiev, the capital of South Russia. At the Balcans, they cross the "Iron Gate" in the Carpathians, pour into the plain of Vlachia, later also taking Moldovia. The governments of both states are toppled and replaced by German/Hungarian satellites.
The way to Kiev proves to be hard. Both sides are almost exhausted. After several months of fighting, the German artillery bombards Kiev, threaten the complete destruction of the city. Now South Russia is willing to make peace.

Asian theater: The Persians manage to break into the Central Asian plain, forcing the Russians to retreat. At the same time, the Chinese start advancing in Sinkiang. The orderly retreat breaks together, becomes a flight. Samarkand and other great cities of Choresm are liberated.


Other events until the end of the war:

January:
The uprisings throughout France start again. In Lorraine, the government declares its break with Germany and the reunification with France. Socialists reach Rouen.

Jews conquer Jerusalem.

February:
Socialist pirates help capturing Brest, while French-British troops coming from Normandy take Rennes. At the outskirts of Paris, Socialist and Germans battle. In Paris, the German occupation troops are bound in an unwinnable guerilla war.

March:
French-British troops defeat a Dutch army near Amiens, later that month reach the important industrial city of Lille. German and Breton troops in Brittany have to capitulate; Paris is liberated by the Socialists.

April:
Socialists have reached the Loire in the South and Reims in the East. Britain and Socialist French government make an "everlasting alliance".

In Samarkand, the independence of Choresm is proclaimed.

May:
Heavy battles in the Marne and Seine valleys. At the end, the Socialists win, which gives them Lorraine. They also advance into Wallonia. Swiss prepare for the defense of Alsace.

June:
Socialists sweep south, take Lyon. Many Germans protest against the unnecessary engagement in little wars while the big war is still going on. The German government loses the nerves, makes an armistice with the Socialists, who now get all of France. POWs are exchanged.

July:
Socialists bring Occitania under their control. Germany secretly encourages Italian volunteers to fight the Socialists in Southern France.


On July 17th, South Russia and its allies on the Balcans make an armistice with Germany. Novorossiya follows on July 29th. In South Russia, the republic and the unification with Novorossiya is proclaimed; the Germans occupy the biggest cities of South Russia, including the Donez area. The Czarist family goes to exile in Bulgaria.


The World War is over. After five years, the whole world is exhausted.


Other events after the end of the war:

August:
Socialists clash with Basques, take Euskaria north of the Pyrenees. When the Socialists threaten the republic of Catalonia, Germany (in peace now) threatens them, so they back off.

Germany tells the Russians that a unification of their two states is forbidden.

The delayed Olympic Games are celebrated in Martinsburg. The Italians and Russians are excluded, as are the Socialist nations.

September:
Socialists have brought all of Southern France under their control. The Italians have retreated, rely on their fortifications along the new border.

Arab volunteers join the Syrians, start to drive the Jews back.

October:
New Rome is unable to pay the quarterly rate of their reparations. The Germans decide to occupy the rest of India in retail. This is the last straw: The moderate-right government of New Rome falls, all the politicians put down their offices, not wanting to cooperate with the Germans who seem to think they could break all the rules now.

November:
When the Germans see that the Italians aren't willing to negotiate anymore, they one-sidedly declare the annexation of India and the Caribbean islands. The Russians also protest.

December:
In the Italian-dominated New Rome, now without government, the famiglia begins to form - an "official unofficial" network based mainly on the Imperial Catholic church, the lower nobles and the owners of plantages and small firms.



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1917:

General events:
After the defeat and the peace treaties, antisemitism in Russia lives up too. The Russian Jews flee to Judea.

Liberated and escaped slaves from Italia Nuova and other states flee to German Atlantis and Canada, soon forming a visible minority there.

January:
Spaniards in Northern Mexico (OTL Arizona / New Mexico) rise up when an Aztec-descended ruler takes power in central Mexico.

February:
China re-asserts its influence in the Himalaya states (Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim).

March:
The new German administrators arrive in Delhi.

April:
In Sicily, the first band of "Fascisti" is formed - no party, but groups of armed thugs who keep down enemies of the "new order", including former slaves.

May:
The negotiations between the Germans and Russia are in deadlock: Germany's deep in debt, and the government doesn't know how to repay them to its citizens; OTOH, Russia is as broke and far from being able to pay. Finally, a compromise is found: German corporations (like Krafft, the biggest producer of arms in the Ruhr area) will pay the German debts and receive new property in the acquired lands in return.

June:
Florida tries to re-introduce slavery, thinking that the abolition only was valid in New Rome, which they aren't part of anymore. After German protests, they scrap the idea.

July:
The situation of the Jews is pretty awry - they lost all their conquests, even were driven behind the pre-war border, and neither Germany nor anyone else is interested in their fate. Now however, the trickle of Russian Jews becomes bigger and bigger.

August:
Novorossiya signs the Treaty of Warsaw, accepting the independence of the new states (Finland-Estonia, Choresm, Azerbaijan, Kurdistan) and ceding Alyeska to Canada, its last lands in Cascadia to German Atlantis, Ezo to Nippon, North China to China, and North Persia to Persia.

September:
The first dispute between the Bündnis allies: During the war, Nippon had reconquered some Canadian-owned islands in the Pacific occupied by the Russians; now, Canada wants them back, but the Nipponese deny, demand the islands for themselves.

October:
"The shock of Lublin": South Russia not only has to cede Pontus to the Seljuks and let Georgia, Armenia and (Greek-speaking) Trapezunt become independent and break its ties with the Balcan states, but also leave half its territory (roughly OTL Ukraine) as a protectorate to Germany.

November:
A Russian Jew (a former army officer) arriving in Judea gets the new name of Ariel Ben-David. He joins the army, helps organizing the Russian Jews willing to fight.

December:
Irish-Catholic pope Patricius VI decides to send missionaries into the new countries, seeing an opportunity.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1918:

General events:
In occupied South Russia, people start the "secret resistance": Parts of the vast wheat, iron and coal production "disappear" during work, to be smuggled into the rest of Russia or to be consumed by the population.

January:
In the Ruhrgebiet, returning German soldiers find out that their jobs have been destroyed: The German mining corporations have acquired lots of iron and coal mines in OTL Ukraine; not wanting to "spoil the prices" by exceeding supply, they decided to shut down mines in Germany and Poland. After years of fighting and other sufferings, this is the last straw. After a few days, there are uprisings in all important industrial cities in Germany.

February:
The Socialists decide to help their German brothers, start a thrust into Germany coming from Liege/Lüttich, take Aachen, aim at the Ruhr. A second thrust goes into the Netherlands, towards the Rhine delta.

Ariel Ben-David defeats the Syrians in the battle of Ashkelon, starts to drive them back.

March:
Despite of the measures taken by the German government, the Socialists can break through to the Ruhr. All the land west of the Rhine is under their control (except the Palatinate, and Alsace, where the Swiss troops still resist).

April:
German sailors don't want to fight against the united Socialist (British-French-Dutch) fleet. More loyal troops from Atlantis have to be sent - which takes time. Meanwhile the Socialists advance in the Netherlands and north of Westphalia.

May:
When the German government has managed to build up a solid front against the Socialists, another strike throws them again in confusion: The Danes, Norwegians and Swedes rise against the satellite government, and the Socialists intervene in Norway, smuggling in arms to support them.

June:
Switzerland agrees to join talks about unification with Germany, after French socialists have conquered Swiss Alsace and the Palatinate. In the north, most of Norway and Sweden have been lost to the Socialists, who also have crossed the Weser near Bremen. Their leaders shout for encouragement: "If Germany falls, all the world will become Socialist!" Only Finland-Estonia stays loyal to Germany.

Ariel Ben-David retakes Jerusalem.

July:
Socialists reach Hamburg, start to invade Jutland.

August:
Surprisingly, the Socialists offer an armistice, if Germany leaves Scandinavia. The reason: Internal disputes between the French and the other people. Both sides want breathing time, so the armistice is signed.

September:
Alfred Kleiber is re-elected chancellor in German Atlantis for his third six-year term.

October:
Ariel Ben-David takes Haifa.

November:
On November 8th, Germany makes peace with the Socialist nations. The border is drawn along the last front line, which goes from the Baltic (east of Lübeck) through former states Braunschweig (going west of Hannover) and Nassau to the Rhine, which becomes the border from Bonn to Basel. Now, the war is really over. And European Germany is wedged between the Socialists and equally vengeful Russia and Italy.

December:
Alfred Kleiber offers the other German states the chance of the "big unification" (the "small unification" being a union between European Germany and Switzerland, maybe the Netherlands [this was what they thought about before the Socialists invaded!]): A union of all the Germans in Atlantis, Europe and Argentine.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1919:

January:
The German unification talks begin. European Germany isn't in the comfortable situation to disagree. The Argentinians, bauernschlau [1] as they are, demand a lot of developments for their lands from Martinsburg [2]: Railroads, roads, canals, power plants, ports and airports, colleges and universities. But they get it.

[1] lit. "smart as a peasant" - a term for a special smartness, describing someone who can't be fooled easily, even if lacking formal knowledge.
[2] Capital of German Atlantis - and after the unification, of the whole Germany.

February:
Ariel Ben-David starts invading the Lebanon. The Jews manage to make alliances with the local Christians against the Muslims.

March:
The (European) German parliament accepts the unification with German Atlantis. The treaty includes that strong troops from Atlantis are permanently stationed in Europe. Conscription becomes also permanent throughout the German Reich (as the unified Germany is now called, even abroad).

April:
Alfonso XIII of Castille dies, the throne goes to his grandnephew Juan III, who already co-governed in the last years and stands for an expansionist policy.

May:
Ariel Ben-David conquers Amman.

June:
The Socialist Block proudly proclaims their new invention: Workers from Britain and Scandinavia now can make holiday in France.

July:
Argentinien accepts the German unification.

August:
The big battle of Golan. The Jews crush the Syrian army, march on Damascus.

September:
(Pan-)German chancellor Kleiber dies. The Germans mourn, the Italians and Russians celebrate, and afterwards, everyone wonders how the world will develop now.

October:
After long discussions, the Socialist nations in Europe decide to form the Socialist Block: They'll have a unified foreign politics, no inner borders, a united army and navy, and a common currency, the European Pound (French: Livre; German: Pfund; Scandinavian languages: Pund; Dutch: Pond). The capital is in Brussels.

November:
The Jews take Damascus. The Jewish-Syrian War is over; most of the Muslims leave the country, scatter over the Muslim world.

December:
In Argentinien, the first of the public works negotiated in the unification talks is finished: The Technische Hochschule Argentinien/Neustadt für Delizierung und Eisenverarbeitung, short: T.H.A.N.D.E. (Technical university/college of Neustadt/Argentine for refining and iron processing.)


(I didn't invent every detail. Just the things happening in the more important states. More about the developments in Italy and Russia next time. You can guess there'll be something.

And yes, it's a new kind of Germanwank - but let's see how it turns out. They're the only superpower now - but with no experience.)


Stories:
[post=933455]An analysis of the war, and an anecdote about a man[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

The world 1920-30

*bump*

@Constantinople: Morocco, Tunis and Libya have European majorities. In Algeria, the French are also stronger than OTL (40% of the population). In Egypt, Europeans were only a minority, and many of them left. (OK, generally the Italians were replaced by German traders and advisors.)
@Tizoc: Mukden was a stupid mistake. I corrected it already to Dalian (fortunately I have mod powers).
Brussels... I chose it because it's a funny coincidence, and because it makes sense - it's a border city, being between French and Germanics, thus quasi neutral ground. I don't see the EU as Socialist IOTL.
And noone will blame T.H.A.N.D.E. for anything. It's just a little peaceful technical college in German Argentinien.
@Communist Wizard: You forgot Russia But even if I wanted it: That would be quite German-wanky, wouldn't it?

Retcon:
1879: When the Germans occupy Scandinavia, the British Socialists interfere, occupy nearby Färöer islands, and Iceland. Greenland is annexed by Canada.


The World, 1920-30:

Germany:
The strongest power on Earth, with the mainland on three continents (Europe, North and South Atlantis) and vast areas of colonies, protectorates and satellites (most important: India, East/SE Europe and sub-Saharan Africa). In practice, however, Germany's power is heavily strained, and especially the defeat in the (Civil) War against the Socialists has shown the world that the biggest beast can still bleed. The relations to its neighbors in Europe (Russia, Italy and the Socialist Block) are as bad, and the Nassauer people (refugees from Socialist Germany, mostly from Westphalia which belonged to Nassau, loudly wishing for revenge) don't make it easier. Instead of having satellites to the north and the west, as was envisioned before and during the war, the powerful Socialist Block looms over remaining Germany, and Italy and Russia stay vengeful too. Still, the German government hopes that Old Germany is guarded enough by its eastern and SE European allies and satellites.
On the inside, German politicians don't really seem ready governing a superpower; in fact, they seem to spend most of their time just to hold the government together. This may be caused by the political system, which is a compromise between the three pre-war Germanies: Old Germany had a proportional representation, Atlantis had first-past-the-post, leading to a two-party system (Freedom Party and Equality Party, as mentioned earlier), and relatively newly settled Argentinien was just developing a party system. The united Germany has two parliamentary houses, the Vereinigter Reichstag (each land - there are 12 in Europe, 60 in Atlantis and 17 in Argentinien - gets one representative for 250,000 people [578 in the election of 1920]; seats are distributed proportionally in every land) and the Länderkammer (each continent votes with the majority of its lands; decisions concerning the whole empire have to be made in unison between the three groups). Now in the 1920s, the traditional parties have often split and reformed. Multi-party coalition governments are standard, and often don't survive longer than a few months. People have the impression that after more than 100 years of democracy, the real power is in the hands of the parties' organizations instead of the people, special interest parties have a lot of influence, and corruption even within the cabinet is at high levels.

Elections of 1920:
223 seats in Europe
296 seats in Atlantis
59 seats in Argentinien

Nationalist Imperial Party (Europe, conservative-expansionist) - 29 seats
German State Party (Europe, centrist) - 57 seats
Christian Republican Party (Europe) - 28 seats
Farmer parties (Europe, regional) - 34 seats
Liberal Party (Europe; liberal in both ways) - 65 seats
Socialist Party (forbidden in Europe) - 0 seats
Freedom Party (Atlantis, center-right; economically liberal, socially moderate conservative) - 114 seats
Expansionist Party (Atlantis, populist-right) - 36 seats
Equality Party (Atlantis, populist-left) - 102 seats
Small Farmers Party (Atlantis, special interest party, split off from Equality Party) - 33 seats
Argentinian Freedom Party (equivalent right there, more technocratic) - 9 seats
Argentinian Rancher Party (special interest party) - 14 seats
Argentinian Farmer Party (special interest party) - 17 seats
Smaller parties and Independents - 41 seats

A new center-right government is formed after the election.

1921: The old Equality Party is forbidden (for fear of Socialism) after strikes in the industrial area around the Great Lakes. In its place, the Justice party forms.

1922: Parts of the right spectrum parties in Europe form the radical anti-Socialist Economy Party, which demands an immediate strike against the Socialist Block. The government falls, a coalition is impossible, new elections are held. Again, a center-right government is formed.

1923: At the electronics firm Werstand, developers presents their new idea: Computers with an outside connection, so it's possible to a) operate them from somewhere else or b) send the results immediately to where they're needed. (This system doesn't work like e-mail, you can just send something to hardwired machines.)

(If anyone thinks a computer network comes way too early: Remember that the Chinese ITTL used electricity centuries ago, that the Russians invented the telegraph in the 18th century, and that cryptography is more advanced too. We also aren't talking about modern computers here, but about computers based on relays.)

1924: Imperial Chancellor Bohn falls over a sex scandal; the New Christian Party splits off his Freedom Party. Again, the empire is paralyzed for months until a new government is made.

1925: The Progress Party is founded in Martinsburg. They advocate a radical reorganization of the German Empire.

1926: Stock Crash and subsequent fall of government. After the new elections, a more centrist government (including the Christian parties) is formed.

1927: The Christian parties manage to push through the prohibition of tobacco and hard liquor, although beer and wine stay legal.

1928: Josef F. Krause (high-ranking member of the Justice Party) suggests a new strategy: Since the depression has cost many people their savings, but the common anti-left propaganda keeps them from voting for the Justice Party, he proclaims the founding of a new party, to catch their votes. "Walk seperately, strike together." In the same year, said founding will happen.
Olympic Games in Neu-Hamburg (OTL Buenos Aires).

1920-30: The population of Argentinien grows from 15 to over 20 million.


New Rome / Italy:
As said in the last post, the government stepped back, and since there was no emperor to appoint a new one and no elections were held, so people continued without government - people worked, priests preached and gave sacraments, bureaucrats administrated and judges convicted following the old laws. Behind the curtains, the famiglia run things necessary to run - which included holding down the Socialists and liberated slaves (many of whom preferred to flee), integrating Italian-descended refugees into society, and reminding people to take venganza on the Germans, once the time was right. They even received parts of the taxes collected, or told the bureaucrats what to do. For outsiders, this system was completely incomprehensible. (For OTLers: The famiglia is a mixture of Mafia, KKK and fascists, but the latter without the organized party thing. Their leaders are mostly former lower nobles and ranchers, they command gangs of thugs - the fascisti - , and they have the backing of the old Imperial-Catholic church.) Although their outlook on things was similar throughout the four parts of the country (Italy, North Africa, Italia Nuova in North Atlantis, and the Italian Andes), at the beginning they had only local power. But when the years pass, they expand by using a combination of negotiations, "diplomatic" pressure, assassinations and small wars.

1920: Giuseppe Puccio becomes padrone of Tripoli (OTL Libya).

1921: For several months, the padrones of Roma Nuova fight for dominance of the city. The victor is a Salvatore Marchese.

1922: Giuseppe Puccio brings Bengasi province under his control, starts "business" in New Rome's former province Egypt.

1923: After long struggles, Santino Neri becomes padrone of Rome.
Fights in the North Italian plain after the Germans retreat. Padrone Vito Badalamenti takes over in the area.

1924-27: Salvatore Marchese brings the Tenesi area (Italia Nuova between Mississippi and Appalachians) under his control.

1925: The padrones of Cuzco (Gaetano Riccobono) and Potosi (Nicola Greco) make a "peace treaty", dividing the Italian Andes between them; the line goes from OTL's Peruvian-Chilean border further inwards.
Santino Neri has control over all of Central Italy.

1926: Giuseppe Puccio brings OTL Tunisia under his control.

1927: Starting with the prohibition of tobacco in Germany, Italian gangs smuggle lots of cigars and cigarettes to Germany and sell them for a good price.

1928: Giuseppe Puccio extends his influence on Sicily.

1929: By working together with the Montana Men (refugees from German-occupied Montana, which is roughly OTL East Colorado and West Kansas), Salvatore Marchese can attack his opponent in central Italia Nuova, Bernardo Buscetta, from both sides, and defeats him. Now he has the full control over the Atlantean part of the country.
Tensions between Giuseppe Puccio and Santino Neri.


Russia:
The country is in trouble, to say the least. Germany has occupied the most valuable areas (OTL Ukraine) and isn't willing to let them go, for fear that Russia might rise its head again. Despite of the Southern Russians smuggling lots of wheat back to Russia, when the Germans aren't looking, everyone knows that this can't take forever.
All Russian parties - the Russian Worker's Party, the Conservative "House Russia" party, the new Reconstruction Party and the liberal Democratic People's Party - are in unison that revenge is the primary goal of the nation, and a new war isn't an "if", but a "when". Theoretically, the peace treaty of Warsaw forbids them bigger rearmament, but in practice, the country is too big to be controlled completely. Only the Russian navy can be restricted. And smaller South Russia, of course. But in the vast taigas of the north, millions of soldiers get trained; even tanks and airplanes are built, and if German controllers manage to visit a place, everything suspicious can be removed in advantage, thanks to the sheer size of the country.
But the revenge won't be as easy as envisioned: After the defeat, the first rage turned against the Jews of the country. Many of them were killed (estimates go as high as six figures), and those who weren't left for Judea. This drain of people doesn't make reconstruction easier for Russia. People feel everything goes too slow and too disorganized.

1920: War veteran Gridenkov founds the "Unionist Party" in Voronezh, aiming at a unification of the two Russias, which the Germans have forbidden, but everyone in Russia sees as unavoidable, since dismembered South Russia alone isn't strong enough to survive alone.

1921: Unionist Party gets 30 % in the province elections.

1923: Unionist Party gets 15 % in national elections, Gridenkov becomes their speaker in the Duma.

1924: German diplomats warn their government about Gridenkov and the Unionists. Germany decides to interfere, forces the South Russian government to forbid the Unionist Party and Gridenkov to leave politics.

1926: Gridenkov goes into "exile" in Novorossiya. Many of his unionists follow him (as many Southern Russians already have done in the years before). He decides to join the Reconstruction Party, starts to make propaganda especially among his fellow South Russians.

1928: "The coup of Tobolsk": Gridenkov and his followers manage a take-over of the Reconstruction Party committee.

1929: Russian spies in German Kalifornien bring the idea of a computer network to Russia.


Socialist Block:

1920: Breton farmers and fishermen rise up against some of the new decisions made by the French government. The uprising is suppressed, and it doesn't even help that the Bretons protest in Brussels, although the Irish take their side. This is a definite sign that the Socialist (French!) government wants to centralize France.

1921: At the conference of Versailles, the French Socialist parties (Christian Socialist party, Socialist party and Radical Socialist party) unite to form the United Socialist party, which becomes France's "eternal" government party. Tightly organized, they run the economy (other than in Britain, where the workers have more direct control) and also manage to take disproportional influence in Brussels.

1926: The Socialist armies cross the Pyrenees, to support the Catalans and Basques against the tyranny of Juan III. The little republic of Andorra is annexed on the march. Germany sends financial support and arms to Castille, but Juan III declines, hating the Germans.

1927: After Catalonia and the Basque country are conquered, volunteers from Germany and Britain join the Socialist armies. They successfully conquer areas in the north and south (Murcia).

1928: After the Socialists advance further, Portugal decides to enter the war, to conquer Galicia back. Now Castille has to fight an unwinnable two-front war.

1929: Socialists conquer Toledo, the resistance breaks together, the royal family flees to Morocco. Now however, the Socialists clash with Portugal. War begins again, and a few months later Portugal is also conquered. Except for Andalusia which has German support, the Iberian peninsula is reorganized by the Socialists.


China:
The adoptive Empire is still going through the process of industrialization. The northern half of it suffered much under the war and the former Russian occupation and has to be rebuilt.

1921: China and Nippon clash over Korea; war breaks out again.

1923: China has lost a lot of its new pilots. The emperor is unhappy about this. So he decides to command his scientists invent something new, to prevent such losses. Chinese scientists start to work, and thanks to their number and the money thrown on them, they will make two important inventions: The cruise missile, and the modern rocket.
On September 1st, the Kanto plain earthquake strikes Nippon, making the war much harder for them.

1924: The Chinese manage to reconquer all of Korea from the Nipponese. The Orthodox Koreans actually prefer the Confucianist Chinese to the Catholic Nipponese. The Nipponese however, who managed to evacuate almost their whole army to the islands, swear to continue the war - with naval strikes against China's coasts, and bombing raids on Chinese cities.

1927: First rocket strikes on Nipponese cities. Since the houses are still built mostly from wood, bamboo and paper, the result is horrible, and much worse than in OTL WW2 Europe.

1928: The emperor dies, not without having appointed the third adoptive emperor (the second one actually adopted, but the former general who re-united China is counted as the first one). The war with Nippon goes on.


Canada and Pacifics:

1920: Canadians introduce prohibition - not only alcohol, but cigarettes are forbidden, and coffee, tea and chocolate are heavily taxed.

1921: Canada reforms its colonial empire into the Commonwealth, with the capital at Honolulu. By this way, the Indies and SE Asia are still close to Canada, while at the same time having more independence (at least internal).

1922: Italian prospectors discover the iron ore reserves of Pilbara in western Tir Tairngire. By claiming it and making sure that they can exploit it, they give the Italian lands a great source of iron (which until then was a problem for their industry).

1924: Olympic Games in Kingston (OTL Montreal).

1929: Tir na nOg (OTL Western Australia) becomes independent with Italian help. Of course, the Irish-Catholic pope Patricius VII and the taoiseach (minister president) condemn the Imperial-Catholic schismatics for this deed.


Muslim World:
Divided between the medium powers of the Seljuk jumhuriya and the shahdoms of Persia and Choresm. Plus, there are some smaller lands at the Arabian peninsula, and some new created states (Kurdistan, Azerbaijan). And some non-Muslim states (Greater Judea, Georgia, Armenia, Trapezunt) which future is unclear.

1920: Cyprus (which became Seljuk after the war again) wins its independence with the help of Greek and Italian volunteers (everyone in Italy knows that the Germans have supported the Seljuks, so they side with the Greeks).

1923: Oil fields of the gulf discovered. Mostly under Persian control.

1924: Sarkis Nakkashian, an Armenian millionaire, buys his government and that of Georgia to make a war against Azerbaijan, for the oil there. The war (1924/25) is successful.

1927/28: Kurdistan fights off a Seljuk attack.


Balcans:
Once the backyard of Russia and New Rome, the area now became the sphere of influence of Germany and its ally Hungary (since the war, they enjoy more independence from Germany, concerning internal politics). Since the Socialist Block cuts off Germany's access to the oceans, the German government has the Balcan infrastructure (railroads, harbors) improved.

1920: German firms start to invest in oil fields in Vlachia and Moldovia.

1922: Balcan states forced to agree to treaties that bind their currencies on the German thaler, removes custom barriers against German, Polish, Bohemian and Hungarian products, and many more one-sided conditions.

1924: Railway Vienna-Varna finished.

1925: Railway Vienna-Saloniki finished. As Varna, it's become an important "indirect harbor" for Germany.


Mediterranean:
Formerly united under the New Roman Empire, the new states emerged here suffer under "childhood diseases", like the tensions between republicans and monarchists (some of the states are still monarchies), or socialists and monetarists (capitalists). In North Africa, there are in addition tensions between Muslims and Christians.

1920: Castille approaches Morocco for a unification. The German government isn't sure whether to allow it (to make Castille a counterweight against Italy and the Socialists) or not, but since the Moroccan cortes republic doesn't want the king back, the problem solves itself.

1920-22: King Juan III of Castille invades the Basque country. Many atrocities are committed to defeat them.

1921: Socialist party in Israel wins in a landslide, thanks to the millions of new immigrants from Europe. War hero Ariel Ben-David is elected new minister president of Judea.

1923: After the death of Andalusian king, Juan III thinks this is an opportunity to retake this land. However, the new king Benedicto II is able to make Germany take his side again, and the invasion has to be cancelled.

1926: Castille invades Catalonia. Soon, the whole country south of Ebro is in their hands.


Sub-saharan Africa:

1920: Uprisings against Germans in former Songhay start. Former soldiers of New Rome who became mercenaries support them.

1921: Uprisings in Ethiopia start.

1922: Herero rise - not only against the Germans, but all whites (which has to do with nearby Australia - OTL South Africa - with its many Scandinavian-descended settlers, the Söderlinger).

1927: Germany officially gives Ethiopia independence.


India:

1920: Olympic Games in Delhi.

1922: Various Indian factions demand independence from Germany. The government declines.

1925: First great-scale uprisings against the Germans, mostly in Kashmir and the Sikh-settled areas (yes, there are Sikhs. The word just means "disciple" in Panjabi, and the idea of an egalitarian religion, which breaks with the caste system, could've happened in any TL).

1929: Unable to cope with the "Indian Chaos", the German government decides to contain the situation: The Sikhs are surrounded by German troops in their region, cut off from the rest of India.



Rest of Atlantis:

1923: Socialist pirates contact the little country Aymaria at the south tip of Atlantis. The poor country agrees to help them, as a hideout during their raids.

1924-26: Mexico and California make war. The area around OTL Arizona is devastated and depopulated.

1927: Mari Isabel of Braseal dies, leaving the crown to her son Filip.

1928: Caroline, until now pro-German, suffers because they can't export tobacco to Germany anymore. The pro-Italian factions in the country become stronger again.


Stories:
[post=948747]Some stories about Socialism[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

The World, 1930-40 (map will follow):

Germany:

1930: Left-wing Justice Party forbidden in Germany. By this way, the government wants to avoid them coming too close to take power in 1931. However, instead of them, the new Morale Party is founded.

1931: The elections (see below) result in a deadlocked parliament - neither the left nor the right nor the centrist parties can form a government, since there are too many differing groups in the parliament around. Now, the German military secretly meets with several corporate leaders. After the conference of Paulskirchen, they decide to strike. On th, the military occupies government buildings and declares to govern the country "in a coalition of the experts [...] until all the problems are solved". Shortly after, the new cabinet is presented: Six generals represent the ressorts for army, navy, airforce, armaments, occupied lands and infrastructure (logistics); corporate representatives have the ministries for economy, labor, housing and finances; other posts are held by bureaucrats or professors. Democracy and several basic rights (freedom of press, of striking, of demonstrations) are suspended, leaders of left-wing parties arrested or put under house arrest. Germany is declared a technocracy.

1932: Along the German-Russian border (i.e. the east border of German-controlled lands), construction of the Henrichlinie begins.

1933: New school system introduced: School enrollment starts at the age of five; Grundschule (primary/elementary school) and Hauptschule (high/secondary school) take five years each; for boys, there's firearms training in the higher classes; for especially gifted kids, the new technical schools (with the emphasis on maths, science and of course technics; cryptography is also taught) are introduced. Government critics point out (well - if they could) that this is quite similar to what happens in Greater Italy and Russia.

1934: The German empire is re-divided: Instead of the old lands (which from now on only play a role for traditional clubs), cities and villages there are now regions (15 to 20 million people), precincts (about 1 million) and districts (~50,000 - either a part of a bigger city or a collection of villages). Some traditional Germans on the country aren't happy if they're put together with their local rival communes, but they can't change very much.

1936: Olympic Games in Franzensburg (OTL San Francisco).

1938: Poland, Greater Bohemia and Hungary (have to) join an economical and financial union with Germany.

1939: The big cities of Poland and Hungary are connected to Germany with the new highway system.

Elections of 1931:
238 seats in Europe
342 seats in Atlantis
85 seats in Argentinien
665
Nationalist Imperial Party (Europe, conservative-expansionist) - 36 seats
German State Party (Europe, centrist) - 41 seats
Economy Party (Europe, radical anti-Socialist) - 27 seats
Christian Republican Party (Europe) - 29 seats
Farmer parties (Europe, regional) - 30 seats
Liberal Party (Europe; liberal in both ways) - 62 seats
Socialist Party (forbidden in Europe) - 0 seats
Freedom Party (Atlantis, center-right; economically liberal, socially moderate conservative) - 61 seats
Expansionist Party (Atlantis, populist-right) - 43 seats
New Christian Party (Atlantis) - 40 seats
Progress Party (Atlantis, technocratic) - 24 seats
Citizen Party (Atlantis, populist-left, appealing more to the disappointed middle class) - 38 seats
Morale Party (Atlantis, populist-left) - 91 seats
Small Farmers Party (Atlantis, special interest party, split off from Equality Party) - 32 seats
Argentinian Freedom Party (equivalent right there, more technocratic) - 19 seats
Argentinian Rancher Party (special interest party) - 16 seats
Argentinian Farmer Party (special interest party) - 21 seats
Argentinian Morale Party (populist-left) - 12 seats
Smaller parties and Independents - 43 seats


The new government (ministers are now called technocrats; each year, one of them is chosen by all technocrats to lead the government; his title is "Oberster Technokrat des Deutschen Reiches" [supreme technocrat of the German empire], abbreviated OTDDR):
Army: Theodor Purschke (former general from Silesia)
Navy: Friedrich Braun (former admiral from New England)
Airforce: Björn Weishaupt (former general from the Great Plains, East Nakota to be specific)
Armaments and Fortifications: Wieland Henrich (another former WW general)

Foreign affairs: Gerhard Bos (former ambassador to Novorossiya)
Interior and Sports: Horst Bäcker (popular president of the German soccer/football association)
Police: Otto Schimanski (one of the heads of German criminal police)
Justice: Honorable Richard Mühlthaler (a high judge)

Education: Xaver Paul (head of the teachers' association)
Universities and Research: Prof. Dr. Albrecht Schmitt (head of the professors' association, had to flee from the Socialists when they took Bonn, where he was head of the university)
Culture and Propaganda: Wilhelm Plattner (owner of one of the biggest movie studios in Paradies)
Church: Reverend Christoph Fehrenbach

Heavy Industry: Norbert Krafft (son of the famous "industry baron" who was shot by Socialist terrorists a few years ago)
Light Industry: Heinz Anderssen
Trade: Herbert Vanbeuren (owner of one of the greatest shipping firms of the world, had to flee from the Netherlands when they became Socialist)
Infrastructure: Johannes Baldwin (another general)
Housing: Ludwig Huber (owner of a big construction firm; he is said to have built half of the metropolis Wildenhartburg)
Agriculture: Waldemar Kettler (formerly head of the influential Argentinian Rancher Bund, practically identical to the party)

Settlement [1]: Karl Oberländer
Colonies: Ottokar von Brunn
Occupied lands: Siegfried Lechner (former general)
Labor: Prof. Dr. Julius Grün (professor of economy, expert for the organization of industrial labor)
Social Security and Health: Gerhard Novotny (head of the German compulsory health insurance fund)
Finances: Eduard Jorck (former central bank director)
Women: Heidelinde Moser (head of the German country women's association)
Bureaucracy: Alfred Neumann (former secretary in the Chancellor's office, served under six different governments and is persuaded he understands government work better than all of them)

[1] The German government decided to use former New Roman provinces of Texas and Montana (OTL East Colorado / West Kansas) as settlement grounds for the fast growing German population.


New Rome / Greater Italy:

1932: The five mightiest padrones meet in Rome to discuss the future of Greater Italy. Thanks to the fact that they all hate Germany, they can push their differences aside. While they don't take power officially, a good observer would definitely note some changes in Greater Italy...

1933: The kids and teenagers of Italy are organized in the "Free Italian Youth" (comparable to your average totalitarian youth organization), which includes several older organizations with similar aims, like the "lupi neri" (black wolves). They're often lead by fascisti.

1934: The first Italian soldiers are sent to Russia or other foreign places where they can train with weapons which Greater Italy isn't allowed to have (aircraft carriers, tanks, planes).

1935: Disguised as a team of explorers, Italian soldiers test their first liquid fuel rocket in the no man's land south of Libya. Since the tests are successful, they start building more rockets. The fuel comes from Libya itself, the iron is imported from Russia.

1936: "La Rete Italiana", the Italian computer network, is started. (It consists of three smaller regional networks, however - Europe and North Africa, North Atlantis and South Atlantis.)

1939: Italy has stockpiled enough reserves of rubber, grain, fertilizer, coal and iron for a longer war.


Russia:
1930: "United Russian [computer] network" started.

1932: Gridenkov's Reconstructionist Party wins over 20% of the votes, makes a coalition with conservative "House Russia".

1933: Assassins murder Novorussian president Alexeyev. Vice president and police minister Gridenkov takes over, suspends the constitution. New police minister is a Ossip Venyaminovich Belochvostikov, who'll later become infamous as "The man of steel" - Stalin. Many Russians accused to be "German-friendly" or political opponents of Gridenkov end up in labor camps.

1936: Gridenkov has stabilized his regime, declares himself "voshd" (leader), making it clear to everyone that his government is more than just a short episode.

1938: Germany tries to keep South Russia apart from Unionist Novorossiya, even supporting the democratic Russian parties - an ill-advised move, because this only discredits the Russian democrats for collaborating with Germany.


Socialist Block:
1930: Iberian peninsula reorganized as a Socialist confederation, governed by a coalition of very different left parties.
The Germans are surprised (negatively) to find out that the Socialists start building up their own computer network.

1931: German airplanes stationed on the Azores attack and sink a fleet of Socialist pirate ships. Hundreds of sailors die.

1934: The Socialists surprisingly proclaim that they made a non-aggression pact with the Italians.

1936: Socialists in England and France start digging the Channel tunnel.

1939: German-supported incursions in Britain, France and Spain start, occupying the government and making them unable to interfere in eventual wars.


China:
1930: Nipponese government gives up, accepts Chinese occupation. Many Nipponese start to emigrate - to the Canadian Commonwealth, to the Tirs (if they want to enter Tir Tairngire, they have to convert to Irish Catholicism, however), or even to Atlantis.

1932: Olympic Games in Beijing.

1936: Uprisings in Nippon against Chinese occupation start.

1939: Siam becomes a Chinese satellite again.


Canada and Pacifics:
1930: Canada starts building a nation-wide computer network.

1933: King George IV of New Albion dies childless, the crown goes to his third-grade cousin who becomes George V. While barely anyone outside the country acknowledges that, the papers here speak of barely anything else for several weeks.

1936: China and Canada have the first dispute about Annam and Lan Xang (OTL Laos) - the emperor wants to restore them to China's sphere of influence.

1937: The democratic Canadian government is toppled and replaced by a technocratic government, as in Germany.


Muslim World:
1932: Seljuks and Greater Judea make a treaty about their common border (which is now about OTL's Turkish-Syrian border)

1933: After Persian threats, the Caucasus Alliance of Georgia, Armenia and Trapezunt make an appeal to Russia, which is answered positive. Russia starts to arm them.

1935: Germany trades some border lands in India (parts of OTL Pakistan) against oil rights at the Persian Gulf.

1938: The Arab League (a defense pact between the various states of the Arab peninsula) falls apart for internal differences.


Balcans:
1932: Anti-German coup in Bulgaria put down.

1934: Serbian minister president and his cabinet (which is barely more than a German/Hungarian puppet) assaulted and killed by a group of officers. Some links point to Russia. A new government is soon installed, but the situation stays difficult.

1935: "Dacian talks": The governments of Vlachia, Moldovia and Transsylvania meet to talk about a possible reunification, forming the state of Romania. Germany wouldn't mind, Hungary doesn't like the idea. The talks still fail for internal differences.

1939: In Epirus (OTL Albania), the Ghegs in the north and in Kosovo rise up against the dominance of the Tosks in the South and on the coast.


Mediterranean:
1931: Following the technocratic takeover in Germany, the relations between Germany and Socialist Greater Judea cool down for some time.

1932: Egypt is shaken by radical Muslim movements which filtered in from Sudan.

1936: When people in Algeria see that the Socialist Block isn't going to crumble, the French, Occitans and some Catalans who fled there get the Algerian citizenship.

1939: "The Breakup": Surprisingly, the Socialist Block and Greater Judea part for ideological differences.


Sub-saharan Africa:
1930: Germany has to give up big areas north of the Congo basin (OTL Central Africa, Cameroon).

1931/32: Germany gives up the regions of OTL Angola and Mozambique.

1934: Australia (OTL South Africa) becomes a "Sonderrechtsprovinz" (province with special rights/laws) of the German technocracy.

1936-39: Germany retreats from most of West Africa, keeps only a few trading rights, and oil-rich Nigeria.


India:

1932: Mass strikes and uprisings throughout many regions of the subcontinent make the German presence there even more costly.

1933/34: The north-western states (OTL Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and a few smaller states around there) are granted independence from Germany.

1936: The Sikh state has its first border clash with the new states - Germany reaps what it sowed.

1937-39: The south-eastern states (OTL Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Orissa) are granted independence. Now Germany only has to control the SW and the Ganges valley, which is more profitable.


Rest of Atlantis:
1930s: The growing strength of workers' movements makes the state of Braseal more unstable.

1934: Mexico comes up with a plan to unite with Central Atlantis, which Germany forbids, since they fear about the control of the Miskito (Nicaragua) canal.

1938/39: Uprisings of African and Arab-descended ex-slaves in Louisiana, Florida and Caroline.

1940: Olympic Games in Novolondon.


(Note: All the "computer networks" mentioned here are at the moment not much more than computers specialized on codebreaking connected by telegraph. Still, they're very useful...)

Stories:
[post=960300]The agenda of the Technocracy
Story of two German students
Three diplomatic talks[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

Thanks for the tip, Stalker. Welcome back.

And now things get really interesting...


May - September 1940: 1 million Russian soldiers (disguised as civilians) are transported to Italia Nuova. At the same time, women, children and various institutions (research centers) are moved away from Russian and Italian border areas to safer ones.

October 1940: Un-occupied South Russia unites with Novorossiya forming the union of "Veliky y Novy Rossiya" (Old and New Russia). Gridenkov also has troops moving in. The German technocracy protests, gives Russia an ultimatum to leave the area.

November 1940: After the ultimatum ran out, Germany starts mobilizing, as do its allies. More troops from Atlantis and Argentinien are transported to Europe for the expected war, the troops along the Henrich line are put on alert. Due to the WW1 doctrine, noone in Germany wants to start an attack, however; besides, the winter prevents an attack into Russia anyway. Neither side formally declares war.
In the occupied areas of South Russia, a partisan war starts.

December 1940: Russia forces Armenia (which has Baku occupied) to deliver oil to them.

February 16th, 1941: After three months of a "Fauler Krieg" (lazy / foul war), the Germans decide to take the initiative after Russian recon planes have crossed the border. Germany declares war. Greater Italy stays neutral. So does China, since the pact with Germany only says they have to help Germany in case of a Russian attack (and vice versa).


Situation at the beginning of the war:

Germany:
Europe: 60 millions
Allies in Europe (Poland, Bohemia, Hungary, Finland-Estonia): 55 millions
Atlantis: 95 millions
Argentinien: 30 millions
(240 millions)
Plus the other Balcan states (55 millions), which aren't that reliable allies though.

Italy:
Core Italy: 50 millions
North Africa: 15 millions
North Atlantis: 45 millions - a good part are refugees from the former parts of the New Roman Empire, which are independent now, and from the German-occupied west.
South Atlantis: 25 millions
(135 millions)

Russia:
Novorossiya: 150 millions
South Russia, occupied by Germany: 50 millions
South Russia, free: 40 millions
(190/240 million)


February 23th, 1941: Russian short-range rockets hail down on Riga, Dorpat (Tartu) and other parts of NE Germany. Germans are shocked, although the psychological damage is worse than the physical one. The Germans will strike back with bomb attacks on Pskov, Smolensk, Kursk and other Russian cities.

April 4th, 1941: Russian partisans manage to kill the German general Uhrlau, who was responsible for the defense of the front north of Kiev.

April 8th, 1941: Completely unexpected, Russian tanks break through the German lines - not in the industrial area further east, as was expected, but west of the Dniepr, aiming towards Kiev. The new commander Wolfgang Henrich (son of the WW1 general and technocrat Wieland Henrich, who also thought up the Henrich line) is totally overburdened with the situation, has his troops move towards the little city of Chornobyl, to prevent the Russians taking Kiev.

April 15th, 1941: The situation at the East Front is still confused. The Russian tanks have taken Zhytomyr and reached the outskirts of Vinnytsia.

April 16th, 1941: Greater Italy declares war on Germany, starts with an attack into German-occupied Slovenia. Troops which are already moving eastwards have to be redirected to the new southern front.
Italian rockets from the Chibcha province (OTL west Colombia) strike the Nicaragua canal, making it useless for the Germans.

April (Second half) 1941: The "Atlantean Vespers": Italians attack German troops and settlers in Montana (OTL East Colorado and West Kansas, Italian-settled but German-occupied). The number of German victims will exceed 100,000.

May 1941: After heavy fights with the German Gebirgstruppen, the Italians have taken Slovenia and are advancing into Croatia.
Concentrated Italian attacks in the Great Plains have pushed the Germans back into OTL South Dakota. Since the most experienced German troops are in Europe, or defending the capital Martinsburg (OTL Philadelphia), the Italians still advance.
Montana is liberated, the German troops there have fled into Texas.
The Russians have marched along the southern Bug river and now reach the Black Sea. The German occupation troops in the OTL East Ukraine are caught and also have the partisans in their back. They can only be supported via the sea.

June 1941: Although the Germans have stabilized the new East front and try some counter-attacks, they can't break through to the troops caught in the East. Wolfgang Henrich commits suicide on June 16th. (Insert joke here along the line of "at least he got THAT right" or "probably he needed some help for that too".) In fact, the pocket is shrinking, and Kiev, Charkov and the Donez area have been liberated by the Russians.
At the southern front, the Italians have conquered Zagreb and march through Slavonia (east Croatia). While the Balcan states officially have joined the war on Germany's side, they don't bother much to support Germany, being fed up with the Technocracy constantly interfering in their affairs.
The Italians in Atlantis have reached the Canadian border, splitting German Atlantis in two. The German government in fact advises Canada to stay neutral, since they fear a Russian invasion, and Canada is more useful if they stay neutral.
Caroline agrees to become a protectorate of Greater Italy.

July 1941: Croatia has capitulated and was occupied by the Italians, although the German navy still tries attacks on Dalmatia and Istria. The Hungarians battle the Italians in Voyvodina.
The German pocket has further shrunk, now along the line of (OTL) Nikolayev-Kirovograd-Dniepropetrovsk-Berdyansk.
The Russians now have mobilized many new troops in the former German-occupied areas and start to attack in Volhynia, steadily advancing.
In Atlantis, the Germans have stabilized the front along the Rockies (in the west) and the Red river (in the east). However, on July 19th, a coup topples the pro-German government of Louisiana, which switches to Greater Italy's side now, giving them access to the dockyards of Nouveau Orleans.

Germany tries to contact its old allies, but Braseal has to fight with inner problems, the Muslim states and new states in Atlantis don't want to risk the wrath of Russia and Italy, and China also doesn't want another war after defeating Nippon.

August 1941: Serbia and Bosnia join the allies, start to fight against Germany. The Italians make first incursions onto Hungarian ground, take Pecs and Szeged.
The Russians crush the Germans in the pocket west of the Dniepr, leaving them only Crimea and Taurida.
At the east front, the Russians have taken Odessa, threatening the Dacian states (OTL Romania).
In Atlantis, the Italians move south into Texas, where German troops are still around, and advance even faster.
Further South, Italian troops start marching from the Andes into Central Atlantis, aiming at the Nicaragua canal.

September 1941: Italy fights in the Hungarian Plain.
The Russians have taken Taurida, enclosing the Germans on Crimea, where they put up hell of a fight at Perekop. Further west, Russian troops have reached the Polish SE border.
In Atlantis, the Italians threaten to crush the German troops in Texas, after they've pushed through to the coast and destroyed the harbors.

October 1941: Increasing Russian attacks coming from Kerch and the fact that Italian ships have managed to block the Bosphorus make the situation of the Germans on Crimea look even more bleak. Now however, the Germans get unexpected support: The Judeans claim they can save their troops.
The Italians have taken Debrecen, and the Russians have crossed the Carpathians. And now the full horror becomes visible for everyone in Germany: The threat that the Russians and Italians might come together and enclose all of Old Germany...
Further north, the Russians are advancing in Livonia and Littauen.
Although the situation in Texas doesn't look good, the German occupation troops can flee along the Rio Grande, led by a young officer who knows the area, going towards Kalifornien. Although this will cause some diplomatic trouble with Mexico, the troops are saved.
Central Atlantis has capitulated to the Italians.

November 1941: Despite fighting hard, the united German-Polish-Czech-Hungarian armies can't prevent the Russians and Italians to close the ring around Germany. Now the people there can only be supported via the Baltic - which entries are controlled by the Socialist Block, so practically, they're shut out from the world. And the winter is coming. Gridenkov states very confidently: "Now we've got Germany at the balls!"
Russia in the north has pushed the Germans behind the Memel/Nyemen, and also threatens Poland. In the south, the Balcan states have made armistices with Russia and Italy or even joined them. German soldiers and advisors in these countries try to flee; some are saved by the German navy.
"The Help from the Holy Land": Judean diplomats bribe the right officials of the government of Trapezunt, so the latter agree to transfer the surviving German soldiers from Crimea through their land to Kurdistan, from where the Germans can go to Mesopotamia and their bases at the Persian Gulf. Although they have to give up their full equipment, the cadres of the German army are saved.
Italy forces Florida to accept their protectorate, occupy their harbors to build more ships. The Germans answer by landing on the keys.

Meanwhile, the Socialist Block declares war against the kingdom of Andalusia, last remaining free state on the Iberian peninsula.

December 1941: Crimea is evacuated, and afterwards occupied by Russia. After the German Black Sea fleet has brought the last soldiers to safe harbors, it's scuttled so the Russians can't use it.
United Russian and Italian armies have occupied all of Hungary and southern Slovakian lands. Further north, the Russians have pushed the Germans and Poles behind the Vistula. They start to shoot rockets on the industrial areas of Upper Silesia and Bohemia.
In Atlantis, the Germans have recovered from the first shock and collect their troops to start a coordinated attack in the Great Plains. In florida, they reach the Miami river.

Other events in 1941: Germany (and to some extent Canada too) let millions of men from the "Chaos" (the many new states in Atlantis, Africa and India) immigrate, to work in the arms industry, instead of the Germans who have to fight.
Along what will be later called the "forgotten front" in Argentinien, the Germans sometimes try to attack the Italians, who can easily defeat those attacks, having the Andes for defense. Sometimes the Italians try to invade the Argentinian plains, but are defeated either.


January 1942: Near the sleepy little city of Auschwitz, the Germans, Czechs and Poles deliver a last big battle against the advancing Russians. When the battle is over, more than 300,000 soldiers will have died. One horrified German officer speaks out in this situation: "Certainly this place has never seen such a massacre on any world, in any time."
After the battle of Auschwitz, the Russian overrun the rest of Poland and Silesia, threatening the core of Germany. The capital of Dresden is hit by rockets and bombs.
Italian troops are fighting in Austria and Bohemia, at the same time also pushing into Tyrol.
In Atlantis, the Germans start to push back the Italians in OTL Minnesota and Montana/Wyoming.

February 1942: The Italians have reached the Inn and make Bohemia capitulate.
Russia conquers all of Germany east of the rivers Oder and Neiße.

March 1942: When the situation of Germany is hopeless, being outnumbered worse than 3:1 and lacking tanks and planes, the Russians standing at the doors of the capital and with the population exhausted by the hunger, the armies in European Germany capitulate on March 13th. Some units, however, keep on fighting. Most of them will be destroyed during the year, but some units can hold out in the Alps, the Black Forest and the Sudeten mountains.
Switzerland (which never was happy in the German technocracy) splits off again, but declares to fight on.
Germany is occupied: Southern Hesse, Bavaria, Franconia and Austria, plus Hungary, Croatia and Slovenia are occupied by the Italians, while the Russians take the big rest.

The Russians and Italians celebrate their victory, contact the German government in Martinsburg and ask for their capitulation. Their price: Germany has to agree that the two old empires of Russia and New Rome are restored, in the "full borders" (which means Russia including Poland, Bohemia and Prussia). To their surprise, the Germans refuse. The reason: Their winter offensive in Atlantis was successful, and they're driving the Italians back. In the long run, this could become dangerous for Italia Nuova, since German Atlantis has twice its population, despite their initial losses.

European Germany is lying on the ground, but the Germans in Atlantis and Argentinien are obviously alive and kicking. There's no easy solution visible for the allies: The Russians know too good from their defeats in the anti-Russian War and the first World War that an invasion crossing the ocean won't be that easy. Especially since the German navy is still standing strong and prevents any crossing. Gridenkov orders "the biggest fleet the Earth has ever seen" to be built, promising to "conquer Atlantis with our Floating Fortresses". At the moment, however, even the German Mediterranean fleet is still active and sometimes even can attack Italian harbors.

China starts to become suspicious at the Russians, so the latter have to station more troops along the Chinese border.

On March 23rd, Andalusia capitulates too and is incorporated into the Socialist Block. The king flees to Morocco.

April 1942: Russia declares war on the Finnish-Estonian republic, invades. They occupy the only Arctic harbor of the country Petsamo, overrun Estonia (except for the capital Tallinn), and also advance into Finland proper.
The Caucasus alliance of Georgia, Armenia and Trapezunt is forced to "invite" Russian occupation. When the Germans get news about this, they bombard Baku from their bases in Kurdistan. Gridenkov swears revenge.
The leaders of Italy discuss the next step. Since the Germans still control the two ends of the Med, they decide an attack into Algeria and Egypt. Meanwhile, they cross the Lech to invade Lower Switzerland.
In Atlantis, the Germans are battling the Italians for the Dakota lands. They also have conquered half of the Florida peninsula.

May 1942: The Finnish-Estonian republic has to capitulate and is annexed by Russia. Now the whole continent is divided between Russia, Greater Italy and the Socialist Block (and the first two's satellites on the Balcan).
Italian troops invade Algeria and Egypt. The latter is supported by German troops, but to no avail. At the end of the attacks, the Italians have reached the last defense line before Alexandria.
Germany contacts Mexico, one of the biggest states in Atlantis, to recruit Native Atlantean troops to fight the Italians.

June 1942: Battles in the Nile delta. Germany hastily starts to train the Egyptian army, and the Judeans even help.
Gridenkov has troops transported south, invades Kurdistan.
Italians take Stuttgart.
After winning the sea battle of Svalbard, Russian ships can break through the German lines, transport ~100,000 men to Italia Nuova.

July 1942: Algerian government capitulates. Alexandria has fallen, and Cairo is threatened.
Russian troops have reached Lake Van in Kurdistan. Gridenkov is envious about the new successes of the Italians. So he decides to attack Choresm, which was a Russian protectorate before the war.
Germany has taken control of its old territory in Atlantis. Now they start the counter-attack.

August 1942: Russian troops cross the Choresmian border.
In Kurdistan, Diyarbakir falls, and Mossul and Kirkuk are bombed.
After the conquest of Cairo, the Egyptian government gives up; now the Germans promise the Egyptians full political freedom for after the war and a lot more, collect the remaining troops again.
German troops in Gibraltar capitulate; the Socialist Block now rules the whole peninsula.
Italians control most of Lower Switzerland.
In Atlantis, the Italians manage to surprise the Germans again when they send troops through the "empty circle" (OTL Utah, Nevada) and harass the Germans in Kalifornien. It stays a minor diversion, though.

September 1942: Russian troops have reached the Judean border. The diplomatic relations of the Judeans with both Russia and Greater Italy are bad since they kicked out the Jews after lost WW1, but they stay neutral, and since the Judean army is well equipped and organized, both nations consider an attack on them as too costly.
Instead, the Russians conquer all of Kurdistan, and the Italians reach the Suez canal. The German navy has to retreat to the western Med. Now Italy invades Morocco too.
In Choresm, the Russians have overrun the northern steppes and reached Lake Balkhash.
Germans start to advance in OTL Missouri, Kansas, Colorado; in the long run, this could turn out dangerous for the Italians, since they get most of their grain from there. The Germans control the full Florida peninsula and threaten Virginia (OTL Georgia).
Coming from Vorarlberg, the Italians cross the young Rhine, advance through the Swiss plains.
A Russian fleet crosses the Pacific and battles the Germans before the Kalifornian coast.

October 1942: Choresmians fight the Russians in the Karakal valley. Gridenkov order the troops in Kurdistan to prepare an attack on Baghdad.
In the Nile valley, the German and Egyptian loyalists have to retreat further.
The Italians have taken Oran, bomb Fes. Germany sends advisors to Morocco to organize resistance.
In Central Atlantis, the Germans land troops and attack the Italians holding the Nicaragua canal.
Basel conquered by the Italians.

November 1942: Italian Alpini cross the Atlas mountains, besiege Fes.
German-Egyptian troops in the Nile valley march to the coast, where they're shipped and sent to Mesopotamia, where the Russians are attacking Baghdad. The Italians occupy Assuan.
The Russians are bombarding the fertile areas of Choresm along river Syrdarja.
After hard fights, the Germans now control Italia Nuova west of the Mississippi (although the Italians keep Texas, Louisiana).

December 1942: An Italian thrust in northern Morocco threatens Ceuta; German troops leave the Balearics, which are occupied by the Italians instead.
Russians have reached Lake Aral, encircled Baghdad.
In Atlantis, the Germans have taken the Italian part of OTL Illinois (the southern tip).

Other events in 1942: All three powers frantically work to develop rockets and bombers with wider ranges (5000 km and upwards). Neither is successful.
The Germans attack the harbors controlled by the Italians from their aircraft carriers, preventing the Italians from building a strong fleet.
The Russians start to dismantle German factories to rebuild them in Russia, as a revenge for the lost WW1. In the German and Polish cities at the Baltic, their citizens are forced to build ships for Russia. Since the Suez canal is destroyed, the Russian Black Sea fleet can't break through to the Atlantic or Red Sea.


January 1943: After the Italians took Meknès, Fes also capitulates. In Ceuta and Tangiers, the Germans hold out.
Russians have reached river Syrdarja. Their rockets hit Samarkand and Buchara. Baghdad capitulates.
The Germans have strengthened their army in Atlantis by allowing sixteen-year-olds join the army and building up an army of black and Arab (ex-)slaves, who have some reasons to hate the Italians. They now control the coast of Virginia (OTL Georgia), so the state of Florida is mostly liberated again.

February 1943: Italians thrust through Morocco, reach the Atlantic at Kenitra.
Russians cross Syrdarja. They also move further south in Mesopotamia, aiming at Basra.
Germans start to attack in Texas.
Zürich, besieged by the Italians, capitulates.

March 1943: Ceuta capitulates, and Tangiers is close to. Germans prepare to give up the north of the country.
Russians have reached river Amudarja. Now the situation of Choresm is hopeless, they capitulate, and the whole country is occupied.
At Al-Amarah, German-Arab troops fight a last big battle successful against the Russians.
The Nicaragua canal is under German control again. The Italian troops north of it have to capitulate, being cut off.

April 1943: German head quarter in Anfa (OTL Casablanca) starts reorganizing the resistance of southern Morocco. They also start a propaganda sender in the city, calling Arabs to fight against the Italians. The Germans even start to recruit Africans from their former colonies.
The Russians in Mesopotamia start advancing again. Choresm is occupied, comes under a military government.
German troops in Texas have reached the Rio Grande in the west. They also cross the border from Florida to Caroline, Louisiana. Italia Nuova is now threatened from the north, south, west and the sea.

May 1943: Italians try to attack the German Azores, unsuccessful; however, they can transport many troops to Atlantis.
Basra is besieged by the Russians. News about some cruelties committed by the Russians in Mesopotamia reach the shahdom of Persia, which protests.
Italians fight Germans and Moroccans in Rabat.
After long fights, the Germans have reconquered the SE corner of Louisiana, but now face heavy resistance in Tenesi (OTL northern Alabama / Mississippi, Italian-settled).
Swiss government in Bern officially capitulates (while some Swiss still fight the Italians in the mountains).

June 1943: The Russians have taken Basra and Kuwait. The Germans do a "scorched earth" strategy, which includes destroying the oil wells. The Russians have to do a lot of work restoring them.
Gridenkov attacks Persia, aiming at a restoration of the Russian rule in the south.
Rabat is under German control again. The first free African units arrive in Morocco.
Germans besiege Charlesbourg (OTL Charleston), the capital of Caroline.

July 1943: Russians take Mazar-e Sharif in Afghanistan and Abadan in Persia. At the Gulf, they advance towards Awal (OTL Bahrain).
Germans in Morocco have some disagreements with the Spaniards there (who form the majority of the population).
Texas is controlled by the Germans again.

August 1943: Russians take Herat, advance in Persian Kurdistan. They have reached Qatar in the south, but have to stop because their support lines are in danger.
Germans in Morocco push north again towards Tangiers.

September 1943: Russians take Kabul, complete conquest of the Persian border areas in the north and west.
Tangiers is German again, which prevents the Italians from breaking out from the Med.
Charlesbourg conquered by the Germans.
Winter begins unusually early in the northern hemisphere. Later, scientists will find out that the Germans setting fire to the oil wells of the Gulf are to be blamed for that.

October 1943: Russians take Ghazni in Afghanistan and Mashhad in Persia. They also start to attack in the south again, advancing towarsds Abu Dhabi.
Germans and Moroccans take Fes back.

November 1943: Russians take Kandahar and the small city of Tehran. They also take Abu Dhabi, and the Germans defending Awal islands have to capitulate.
Uprisings of the Tamazint Berbs in the Atlas Mountains, who form a "third party" in the local war.

December 1943: Russians take Masqat, concluding their conquest of the Gulf.
Germans reconquer Melilla.
In Atlantis, the Italians now only hold the delta, having lost all the land west of the Mississippi. And the Germans east of it are coming closer too.

Other events in 1943: Gridenkov decides to build a new capital (which will be named simply Rossiya) at the Urals, the European-Asian border, to represent both parts of Russia equally.
The war is still undecided: Persia and Morocco still resist in the Old World, and in Atlantis, the Germans have the upper hand now.


Stories:
[post=978921]Resistance fighters in the Alps
A joke with (TTL) Stalin
Maybe for the last time: A thread from the WWW forum[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

*It lives!*

Sorry for the long delay, it wasn't that easy for me to write all the remaining stuff of the worst war TTL ever had. Read it and you'll know what I mean. Prepare for the worst.

@Stalker: Thanks for the tip on Russian city names.
Bug, Boh, whatever... wikipedia transliterates it as Boh.
About the attack through the swamps: I was ware of it. Russia ITTL is more settled, and I can imagine that they drained some swamps. Besides, the Ardennes were thought as impossible to pass for tanks too. (Note the parallel to OTL.)
PS: Fasten your seat belt, this is going to be a bumpy ride. Sorry.


First another retcon:
1830: A Swedish ship coming from Australia (OTL South Africa) discovers Antarctica.

1910: Shayna Löwenpferd born in Marseille. Her father is the owner of a small, not-too-well doing antique shop, her mother a teacher for mathematics.

September 1916: Marseille conquered by Socialist troops. Many Jews flee to Greater Judea. Her family stays, however - her father is a radical orthodox Jew who sees the existence of a Jewish state as wrong. Soon however, he loses his shop, and the family becomes even poorer.

1930: Young Shayna, after becoming adult, is allowed to travel to Italy. The Socialists think she won't dare to escape since her parents are still in Marseille; however, she stays in Italy, never to return. She has a number of different jobs, finally ending as a teacher. Her hopes for a job at a university are crushed since the famiglia doesn't trust anyone not in the Imperial Catholics and doesn't like working women that much either.

1932: Fascists make life in Italy difficult for people with foreign names. Shayna Löwenpferd changes her name into Sofonisba Leoncavallo.

1934: The German technocracy claims all of Antarctica for Germany.

1935: Sofonisba Leoncavallo is forbidden to publish. Unable to protest or flee, she mostly retreats into her house and works on her philosophical system.

June 1943: Russia and Greater Italy force the Seljuks to accept occupation of their biggest cities (Constantinople, Angora, Smyrna and all other harbors). The Russians take those cities in the north, the Italians those in the south.


And now let's continue where we stopped at WW2...
In early 1944, the situation is still undecided. In the Old World, Germany's reduced to Persia and its remaining Indian colonies in Asia and Morocco and its African colonies on the black continent; but in Atlantis. Still, everyone in Greater Italy and Unionist Russia believes that the Germans have to run out of power somewhen - after all, they only can continue the fight because they have hired hundreds of thousands of African, Arab, Indian and native Atlantean mercenaries.


Early 1944: Germany sends more ships from Atlantis into the Med. The battle between the "natural aircraft carrier" that's Italy and Germany's artificial aircraft carriers begins.
Russian desert troops conquer the desert in the NE of Persia. The conquest looks good on a map, but is mostly wortless, except for the fact that now all Persian cities can be bombed or shot with rockets.

January 1944: Germans conquer Oran. In Atlantis, they conquer the Mississippi delta, cut the Italians off from the Caribbean and take their oil wells.
Russia takes Kwatta, the one entryway to the Indian subcontinent.

February 1944: Germans besiege Algiers. In Atlantis, they advance from the South towards Roma Nuova.
After hard battles with many thousand dead, Russia also takes Peshawar, the second entryway to India. Germany tries to mobilize the various independent states in the Indus valley, but most don't want to fight Russia.

March 1944: Germans conquer Algiers.
Russians manage a complete breakthrough in Northern India. German troops flee,have to build up a new front some hundred miles east in Lahore. Some Indus valley states side with Russia.

March 10th, 1944: Supreme commander Conoli capitulates in Italia Nuova. The war on this continent is over. As soon as the German troops have recovered, they're shipped to North Africa.

April 1944: Germans cross the border between Algeria and Tunisia. They have entered Italian-speaking territory.
The situation in the Italian Andes becomes unbearable. The Italian minority fears an uprising of the Quechua and "mestizos", since the country is completely cut off from necessary food supply, and the stocks are running out. The ruling padrones contact Germany via Braseal, and after some negotiations, the technocracy accepts that Gaetano Riccobono (Cuzco) and Nicola Greco (Potosi) can keep their power, if they leave the war, secede from Greater Italy and sign a treaty that forbids a reunification of their two states with each other or other Italian-speaking states in the world. Now, the Germans and their allies rule the whole double continent of Atlantis.
Rusians start moving south in the Indus valley.

April 17th, 1944: First sea battle in the Adria. German aircraft carrier "Bernhard I" enters the sea.

May 1944: Germans conquer Tunis.
Russian troops coming from NW and NE unite in Sukkhur in the Indus valley.

June 1944: Germans manage to conquer the Balearic Islands from the air, with paratroopers. Taking the islands costs them many lives, however. The chances to use them for a landing in Italy, or another naval landing, have shrunk.
Russians besiege Hayderabad.

June 18th, 1944: German paratroopers take Malta. Although successful, this attack weakens their paratrooper force even more, however.

June 26th, 1944: A single German plane flies towards the North Italian city of Verona. It drops a single bomb on the city - the first nuclear bomb. Of the quarter million people in the city, 70,000 will die immediately, more than 80,000 until the end of the year.

June 27th, 1944: Germany tells the Italians that they have some more nuclear bombs ready and won't hesitate to obliterate more Italian cities.

June 31st (note: it's a leap day), 1944: When padrone Santino Neri of Rome doesn't want to capitulate, he is killed by his own underlings.

July 1944: Italy capitulates in Europe and North Africa. Germany has knocked out the first opponent.
Russians take Hayderabad and Lahore, threaten the Ganges valley.
Seljuks overwhelm their Italian occupationers.

Late 1944: Germany doesn't use nukes against Russia yet, fearing that they might retaliate against the civilians in the occupied part of Germany. This makes the Russians think (they're wrong) that the Germans only had one nuke to start with.
The more areas the Germans reconquer, the more atrocities become known (millions of Germans, Poles, Czechs, Hungarians and Slovaks were forced to work for the Russians, many in Russia proper; many German and other women were raped; and the Russians and Italians brutally retaliated against partisans). The public sphere, once they learn about this, is shocked, and the Technocratic propaganda can use this for their own spin.

July / August 1944: Germany occupies Egypt, Northern Africa, Italy. In Italian-occupied Germany and on the Balcans however, Russian troops disarm and replace the Italians. The Germans only can retake the Alps and Upper Switzerland, linking up with their partisans there who have held out throughout the years. In the southern half of Anatolia, the Seljuks take up arms and fight the advancing Russians.

August 1944: Chinese troops sent by the emperor occupy Srinagar, and declare Kashmir a Chinese protectorate.
The Punjab battles.
Free Seljuks declare war against the Russians who still occupy the northern half of their country.

September 1944: Austria, Slovenia, the Black Forest and Germany south of the Danube are liberated.
In Switzerland, the survivors of the short-lived independent Switzerland government (1942/43, we remember) are secretly put on trial for treason / secession and hanged. The Italians are made responsible for their deaths.
The Italian lands in North Africa are officially seperated from the rest of Italy and forbidden to reunificate.

October 1944: Germans push the Russians behind the Main, march into Bohemia and Hungary.
In India, Germany has decided the Punjab battles for itself and slowly starts to drive the Russians back.
Germans attack the Russian occupation force of Gallipoli; Although the Russians defend well, the Seljuks uprising in their back make defense difficult.

November 1944: Germans retake Prague and the old capital Dresden, march into Brandenburg, Silesia and Slovakia, where they link up with the Polish, Czech and Slovak partisans.
Amritsar reconquered by the Germans and their Indian allies.
Gallipoli falls, German navy enters Marmara Sea.

December 1944: Germans reach the Baltic from the south. Now, only Poland and Prussia are Russian-occupied.
Germans reconquer Lahore.
Germans bombard Constantinople.


January 1945: Germans push the Russians behind the Vistula, also push northwards from the Carpathians.
Fresh German troops landed in the Indus delta march towards Russian-occupied Hayderabad.
Seljuks and Germans kick the Russians out of Constantinople.

February 1945: Poland and Herzogsberg (OTL Königsberg) liberated.
Hayderabad besieged, this time by Germans.
German navy enters the Black Sea.

March 1945: German troops reach the Dvina.
German navy has entered the Persian gulf, bombs the oilfields the Russians have tried to repair since they conquered them.
Sea battle of Suchumi.

April 1945: All of pre-war Germany is liberated, and the technocrats decide that the time is ripe to start "Plan 10".
Germans conquer Rawalpindi.
Sea battle of Burgas, Bulgaria.

April 22nd, 1945: A German nuke destroys Popovsk (OTL Chabarovsk). More than 150,000 dead people. A few German and Polish forced laborers are also among the victims, but the Technocracy sees them as collateral damage.

April 23rd, 1945: Germans nuke Murman (OTL Murmansk). There'll be more than 250,000 victims.

April 28th, 1945: Germans nuke Minsk.

May 1945: Russian dictator Gridenkov tries to suppress the whole tragic, claims the Germans had no more nukes, and Russian scientists were working successfully on their own nukes. Some local governors in the East, however, start to contact Germany with the help of their embassies in China.
Germany starts to roll back the Russian and their allies in the Indus valley.

May 15th, 1945: Germans nuke the city of Gridenkovsk (OTL Donezk, Ukraine - yes, it was renamed). If you ask: They used a plane coming from an aircraft carrier in the Black Sea. More than 500,000 people will die.

May 24th, 1945: The governors of the Pacific provinces capitulate to Germany, let the German troops march in. Gridenkov is mad at them, calls the Russians in the occupied areas to resist.

June 1945: Gridenkov has mobilized troops in the East to "fight the Germans and their allied traitors!"
After the German conquest of Sukkhur, Russian troops in the Indua valley are cut off.
German troops land on Crimea, declare the peninsula for independent.

June 4th, 1945: The Russian north-west splits off, akin to the Pacific areas. This gives the Germans Finland, too.

June 13th, 1945: After the Russians drive the Germans and their allies at the Baikal front back, the Germans send a plane north, and have Lenapetrovsk (near OTL Kirensk) nuked. The radioactivity will spread with the river further north.

June 21st, 1945: Novgorod (yes, former capital of Novgorod republic) falls.

June 25th: Germans nuke Tver. Now the central industrial area of Russia is threatened.

July 1945: The defeats on all fronts make some militaries think about making an end. Gridenkov is going more and more mad, claims that the Germans are "poisoning" the minds of the Russians with their secret weapons, and plans killing all the German forced laborers. Rumors say that he already had some captured Germans sacrificed to Chernobog.
Russian Indus army capitulates.
Seljuks overwhelm last Russian troops in their cities.

July 9th, 1945: Gridenkov is killed by the "generals' conspiracy". They and the Germans are glad and hope for an ende of the war. But since the biggest part of Russia still wasn't hit by the war, many governors, mayors and officers loyal to Gridenkov swear to continue the fight.

August 1945: Russians manage to stop the Germans at Peshawar and Kwatta.
Kaluga conquered; Vladimir, Moscow and other cities in the area bombed.
Germans take Perekop, start advancing into the southern steppes.
In the East, Yenisseisk is taken by Germans. During he figths, the university of the city burns down; China protests against this "rape of a site of culture".
Persians and Afghans are now at advantage against the confused Russian troops.

August 14th, 1945: Tula nuked.

August 26th, 1945: Nishni Novgorod nuked.

September 1945: Except for some fanatics, the Russians in Kurdistan, Mesopotamia, Persia and Afghanistan capitulate or flee further back.

September 5th, 1945: Voronezh nuked. Germans decide not to use any more nukes in the war.

October 1945: Russian troops leave the Transcaucasus and Choresm. Order has pretty much broken down.

Late 1945: Germans march along the Russian railroads, topple pro-Gridenkov governors and replace them by their satellites. Every Russian province becomes an independent state.

November 1945: Socialist uprisings among the workers in the north Italian cities start. Germans bound in Russia are unable to interfere.

December 1945: Sofonisba Leoncavallo flees via Dalmatia, Croatia, Hungary to Germany, where she settles in the (European) capital of Dresden. Again, she takes on a different name, Sophie Stein. Soon, she starts writing against Socialism.


Early 1946: Socialist uprisings spread throughout Italy; weak German occupation troops retreat behind the Alps or to the Balcans and North Africa.

March 11th 1946: German troops have reached the Urals; World War 2 declared to be over.


[post=996729]More about Sophie Stein and Veritism[/post]
[post=1013321]A story from the German home front in WW2[/post]

 

[Max Sinister]

@Constantinople: Thanks. Sorry, the real reason was: It's already hard to write stories happening in a parallel-world Germany - it'd be impossible for me if Russia and/or Italy would be the only superpower.
@Superdude: What do you mean? Is it about the Germans in Russia? It's like this: They don't occupy the full country, just the new capitals where they establish satellite governments who have to exercize control in their area.

So or so, the TL goes on!

The world until 1950 - and what happened since 1940 in the countries not in WW2:

Germany:
Winter 1946/47: Due to the ten dropped nukes, this winter is the coldest since decades. Germany with its wheat fields in North Atlantis and Argentinien makes big profits and can force many countries to become satellites. Still, the nuclear winter also frightens many Germans, despite censorship. The tecnocratic government uses the situation to proclaim that they'll stay in power, until the major problems are solved.

April 1947: German general and technocrat Pistor states in the famous "Chaos speech" that most of the world has fallen into, well, chaos. Most of Atlantis outside Germany, India, Russia and Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and especially Africa are officially considered Chaos - areas with unclear power structure, where the borders change every few years and the governments every few months, except for some stable islands. The German policy for these areas decided is: Only interfere to secure German economical interests, or to fight states which governments have become Socialist or otherwise anti-German. This decision shows Germany's greatest problem after the won war: Being the only superpower (outside China) on a planet they can't fully control.

October 1948: Under pressure from the victorious WW2 generals, the technocracy makes a new law that forces all technocrats to abdicate at the age of 70 - preventing the system from becoming sclerotic, as scientists will later find out.

May 1949: Sophie Stein starts writing for "Das Reich", one of the biggest serious newspapers of Germany. Soon she becomes one of the most engaged voices for the technocracy and against Socialism. Her articles are even used by the German propaganda senders.

July 1950: Sophie Stein publishes her first book about her radical-monetarist (=Capitalist) philosophy, called Veritism (TTL equivalent of Objectivism - there are some differences, Sophie Stein is more technocracy-friendly than Ayn Rand, and puts the emphasis a bit more on honesty, instead of pure truth).


Canada and Pacifics:
August 1942: In the uranium-rich area in OTL Saskatchewan, Germans start (with the knowledge of the Canadian technocratic government) to research the weapon that will help them win the war: The Atomic Bomb.

March 1944: Germans test the first nuke at OTL Banks island.

July 1945: Germany makes Tir na nOg its satellite, thus securing the iron ore sources of OTL Pilbara.

1949: Canada renews its alliance with Germany; in addition, Germany guarantees the Canadian commonwealth (its colonies in the Pacific).


China:
1942: The crown prince who was visiting Nippon is killed by a Nipponese assassin. The occupation of the islands is worsened; again, many Nipponese flee.

1947: China makes an alliance with Choresm, which is liberated but feels threatened by the Russians.

1948: Olympic Games in Shanghai.

February 1949: Germany decides to share their nuclear secrets with China, to make them agree that no other nation may get nuclear arms. Together, the two superpowers will exercise the necessary control in the next decades, relatively successful.


Socialist Block:
June 1946: Italy becomes part of the Socialist Block. Germans are still occupied in Russia and can't interfere, only tell the remains of the famiglia "to help themselves". In the Apennin mountains, anti-Socialist resistance will last until the 1950s.

August 1946: All Italian officials are forced to become members of the Socialist party of Italy.

April 1947: To the shock of the German technocracy, the Socialists test their first nuke in Lappland. The German plans to "roll back", or even destroy, the Socialist Block are scrapped. In Germany, the police starts looking for the Socialist sympathizers who told the Block the secret.

1948: Bad harvests cause scarcity of food in the Socialist Block. The Germans are blamed. The pirates help a bit by smuggling food in.


Atlantean Chaos:
1941: Germans who fled from the technocratic dictatorship to other Atlantean countries like California, Florida, Caroline or Louisiana now have to flee again from the Italian conquerors; they mostly go to Mexico, where they recollect at the university of Tenochtitlan (OTL Mexico City).

1944: After the defeat of the Italians in Atlantis, the technocracy became aware that German emigrants got some influence in Tenochtitlan. They contact the Mexican government and force them to return the emigrants; however, they're warned, and many of them can flee (mostly ending up in Braseal) or disappear.
Louisiana, Caroline are reconstituted. The French minorities have the political power in both, despite that the Italians are more numerous.

1945: Nicaragua canal completely repaired; stays under German control.

1947: Braseal forced to accept the German brand of Christianity as a "respected religion" (before, there only were Braseal's Catholicism, and various kinds of Islam and Hinduism).


Russian / Eastern European Chaos:
June 1945: In the liberated / re-conquered Balcan republics, Germany re-installs the economic union of said states with Germany.

1946-49: German occupation troops force the Russians to demontage most of their factories, effectively crippling their economy.

1947: One of the coldest winters since long kills more than a million Russians.

1949: When the Germans are sure that Gridenkov's system is destroyed, they leave Russia after putting new rulers in charge. The old Russia is broken into about a dozen independent states, ruled mostly by former officials who were willing to collaborate with the Germans. Some of them are lucky enough to be able to export resources like oil to Germany and China; others aren't.


Indian Chaos:
1946: Germany and its allies "mop up" the Russian allies in the Indus area. The lands are divided among Germany's allies.

1947: After many of the Indian veterans returned home, the voices for independence of the remaining German colonies become louder again. The technocratic government hesitates.

1948: In the Ganges valley, uprisings against German rule start again.

May 1949: Germany gives the area of (roughly) OTL Bihar independence, splitting the independence movements.


African Chaos:
1946: Many African veterans who fought for the Germans return home, bringing knowledge from the more advanced world.

1947-50: The Congo War. Several small states along the river engage in war.

1948: A WW2 veteran from the Tonga people makes himself king of the new "Zambezi kingdom".

1949: In OTL Liberia, a firm-like organization is founded that acts as an agent for African veterans who settled in Atlantis and want to marry women from their home.


Middle Eastern Chaos:
November 1944: Berb uprising in Morocco finally put down.

1945: Germany starts to rebuild the reconquered oil wells at the Persian Gulf.

1946: Many Italian refugees arrive in Italian North Africa.

1948: The Socialist party of Greater Judea surprisingly loses its majority in the election. The main reason: Many Jews could earn some money during the rebuilding of the Middle East, or during the war, and aren't that much interested in Socialism anymore.


Stories:
[post=1036617]What is a Logo?[/post]
[post=1044764]An adventurous story set in WW2[/post]