31st May
Belgium
After two days, the situation around Antwerp seemed to have regained some stability. By the afternoon, the last of the Allied troops had been withdrawn from their precarious position, and the new defence lines were working. There had been worry that the retreat would have had to beat off an attack from 2nd and 9th Panzer divisions, but this had failed to occur (disappointing some of the officers of 1st Armoured who had hopes of doing some serious damage to the enemy tanks), and in fact the German advance had not been as swift as expected. It seemed from reports that apart from the panzer units, the Germans were basically slogging forward on foot.
While the staff were still sorting out the situation of the withdrawn units, an initial analysis of the losses had been prepared. The biggest lost was around four Belgian divisions. The two that had been in Antwerp itself had been captured, as had quite a few of the men manning the fortifications around the city. However around 10,000 of the men of these units had managed to escape, on foot on any transport they could get hold of, determined to carry on fighting. While they had lost nearly all of their equipment, they could be re-equipped.
The French divisions had been fighting for some days before Leoplod's action, and also lost men in the retreat. Rearguard units had been set up to allow the main body to get clear, and this had worked. The main losses were to the rear echelon, which had been surprised by the airborne attack, and to the heavy equipment such as guns which they had been forced to abandon after firing off the supply of shells. It would take a little time to rebuild these divisions, but in general the morale was good, they felt they had managed to get back to help defend France again despite the actions of the Belgian King.
The British units had suffered the least disruption; the units in front were armoured and motorised, and this had allowed them to break contact with all except reconnaissance units as they withdrew. 1st Armoured had suffered considerable tank losses - in the retreat it had proved impossible to recover many of the damaged or broken down vehicles, despite the recovery units working non-stop. However it seemed that the panzers were wary of pushing too close to them after their recent encounters, and the division was on the whole combat ready and behind the new lines as the mobile reserve. New tanks would be sent out from England over the next few days.
Despite having managed a notable breakthrough, the German forces had their own problems. While they had moved with alacrity once they hear of Leopold's actions, they hadn't been expecting it and it would take some days to reorganise the situation. Still they had moved up close to the new Allied defence lines, while they worked out what units were manning them.. There was concern about how to handle a thrust north to split their salient in two, and getting up artillery and ammunition, in particular guns that could stop the French and British tanks, was the priority.
One prize which had pleased the Panzer commanders was that they had recovered a number of the British tanks (in varying states of damage) as the British had withdrawn. While they had examples of French tanks from the earlier fighting in the Ardennes, these were the first examples of the British vehicles, and a request was put in for priority transport to send these back to Germany for a full evaluation. Of course, the officers had used the available time to crawl all over the tanks, and there was concern over how tough the vehicles were. While the Sabre tank was seen as similar to the French S-35, the heavier Cutlass was a shock - one had obviously taken over 20 hits from 37mm guns without receiving more than superficial damage.
South Africa
HMS Cumberland joined the escort at Capetown for military convoy US3 taking Australian troops to England. This convoy will deliver the first men of what is hoped eventually to be the1st Australian Corps to Britain. It had originally been intended to move the men directly to France, to complete their training and supply the rest of their equipment, but due to the fighting in France it was considered safer to finish equipping them in Britain first.
France
No. 829 Squadron FAA took their newly issued Fairey Albacore aircraft into action for the first time with attacks on German E-boats off Zeebrugge in Belgium. The E-boats had been patrolling aggressively, and had already torpedoed an RN destroyer, which had barely managed to get home. The attack sunk one E-boat and damaged two others. While the E-boats were not seen as a major naval threat, their presence has made the use of smaller ships along the Belgian coast more risky, and this attack is intended to relieve this situation. Meanwhile US-built DB-7 medium bombers of the French Air Force saw combat for the first time against German troops around Namur. While Allied losses in the air have been heavy, especially among some of the bomber formations tasked with supporting the Army, new production and the imports from the USA are starting to ease the immediate problem.
America
The American Ambassador to Argentina, Norman Armour and the American Minister in Uruguay, Edwin Wilson met in Montevideo, Uruguay to discuss what they consider to be the deteriorating political situation in Uruguay. They jointly request Secretary of State Cordell Hull to ask President Roosevelt to sent 40 to 50 warships to the eastern coast of South America as a show of force. The purpose of this is to prevent the possibility of Uruguay from forming a partnership of some sort with the German regime; while Germany has faced some reversals in Europe, their propaganda has minimised this for South American consumption, and the worry is more overt support that will cause the USA problems.. Later in the day, Hull would inform them that heavy cruiser USS Quincy was to be despatched for Rio de Janeiro, Brazil as per their request, and that she would visit Montevideo on the journey.
The US Marine Corps dispatched Captain Samuel G. Taxis to survey Midway Atoll along with a small reconnaissance party, the intention being to begin the planning for constructing a US Marine Corps presence there. The obvious reduction of French and British naval forces in the Pacific area have raised the level of concern in Washington as to the vulnerability of some of its bases there, and plans are being drawn up to increase the level of defences. The pre-war treaties are now being seen as effectively obsolete in view of Japanese actions and the world situation, although there is still a need to seem to be following them.